地理学报

地理学报 ›› 1998, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (s1): 134-140.doi: 10.11821/xb1998s1017

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

半干旱区植被恢复与岩土性质

张信宝1, 安芷生2, 陈玉德3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院,水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041;
    2. 中国科学院西安黄土与第四纪地质国家实验室,西安710054;
    3. 中国林业科学院昆虫资源研究所,北京100091
  • 收稿日期:1996-03-14 修回日期:1996-07-21 出版日期:1998-12-15 发布日期:1998-12-15
  • 作者简介:张信宝,男,1946年1月生,中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所研究员,1967年毕业于南京大学地质系,长期从事山地灾害与环境研究,己发表有关论著30余篇
  • 基金资助:

    科技部攀登项目95-40-2-3,国家“九·五”攻关96-920-13-02-03．水利部SJ9731项目;中科院资源与生态环境研究重大项目KZ951-A1-402资助

REVEGETATION AND LITHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION IN SEMIARID REGIONS

Zhang Xinbao1, An Zhisheng2, Cheng Yude3   

  1. 1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041;
    2. State Key Laboratory of LoeSS and Quartery Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710054;
    3. Institute of Insects and Resources, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunmin 650216
  • Received:1996-03-14 Revised:1996-07-21 Online:1998-12-15 Published:1998-12-15
  • Supported by:

    Supported by Research Protects 95-40-2-3 and 96-920-1302-03 from Ministry of Sciences and Technology and Research Projem SJ9731 from Ministy of Water Conservancy. and key project. of Resources and Ecological Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.K2951-A1-102

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46

摘要： 文章分析了半干旱区不同岩土组成的坡地的土壤水份特征及对植被类型的影响阐述了黄土高原地区森林分布与黄土厚度的关系,给出了云南元谋干热河谷阶地砾石层、泥岩片岩组成的荒山的植被恢复实例。

关键词: 半干旱区, 植被恢复, 岩土性质

Abstract: The influence of lithological composition on soil mositure and vegetation in semiarid regions are briefly analyzed. The relationships between lithological composition and vegetation in the Loess Plateau, Northwest China, and in the Yuanmao dry and hot valley, Yunnou, Southwest China, are described in this paper.The loess plateau, where most of land is covered with thick loess deposits up to 300 m, ex-periences temperate semiarid climate with an average anaual temperature, precipitation and e-vaporation of 7. 5C～12. 5C, 400 mm～600 mm, and 1000 mm～l400 mm respectively. There is a good relationship between loess thickness and vegetation in the plateau. Precipitation losses by ground evaporation on loess deposits is considerably high because of its fine texture and high porosity. Steppes are distributed in the thick loess region with deep ground water while forests are distributed in the thin loess region with shallow ground water. Forests are also dis-tributed in the rocky hill region where precipitation infiltrates deeply into the ground because weathering fragmental rocks usually have coarse texture and low porosity. In the northern part of the plateau, the loess hill slope covered with sand deposits are prone to shrubs. The de-scribed relationships between vegetation and ground materials may explain why forestation has succeeded in the rock-thin loess hilly regions failed in the thick loess plateau regions in the loess Plateau.The Yuanmou dry and hot valley experiences subtropical semiarid climate with an average annual temperature, precipitation and evaporation of 21. 9 C , 613. 8 mm and 3 911. 2 mm, re-spectively. Different plants were selected for vegetation rehabilitation experiments on hill slopes underlain by different rocks during the period of 1991～1993. The experiments have successfully demonstrated that the hill slopes underlain by terrace gravel deposits suit dense forests while the slopes underlain by schist shrubs and grasses with a few trees, and the slopes underlain by mud-stone suit shrubs and grasses.

Key words: semiarid climate, lithologica composition, vegetation

中图分类号: 

  • X171