地理学报

地理学报 ›› 1994, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (s1): 691-700.doi: 10.11821/xb1994S1014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内外土壤地理生物地理研究进展

李孝芳, 黄润华, 崔海亭   

  1. 中国地理学会自然地理专业委员会
  • 出版日期:1994-12-15 发布日期:1994-12-15

RECENT PROGRESS IN THE STUDIES ON SOIL GEOGRAPHY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY IN CHINA AND ABROAD

Li Xiaofang, Huang Runhua, Cui Haiting   

  1. The committee of Physical Geography, Geographical Society of China, Beijing 100101
  • Online:1994-12-15 Published:1994-12-15

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2

摘要： 本文回顾了近十几年来国内外土壤地理和生物地理研究的新进展，并展望该二学科主要领域的发展趋势。在土壤地理方面包括：土壤系统分类；土壤调查与制图；土地资源和土地资源评价。生物地理方面包括：植物群落地理学；植被地理学；植物区系地理；植被制图与新技术应用；植物地理学的应用研究；动物地理。

关键词: 土壤系统分类, 土壤调查制图, 土壤（土地）资源评价, 世界土壤与土地数字化数据库（Soter）, 植物群落地理, 植被地理, 植物区系地理, 动物地理

Abstract: This paper reviews the studies on Soil Geography and Biogeography in China and abroad during recent years and looks into the future trends in these areas. Soil geography includes the following aspects: (1) Soil Taxonomy. This paper reviews the worldwide spreading and application of U. S. Soil Taxonomy, the changing viewpoint on soil classification in the former Soviet Union, the revised legend in FAO-UNESCO Soil map of the World in 1988, the contribution of the International Reference Base (IRB) and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) , and the greaat effort of establishing the system of Chinese Soil Taxonomy.(2) Soil survey and mapping. This paper introduces the advance in new techniques for soil survey and mapping, the changing mapping units and the progress in soil mapping in the U. S. ,Russia, Canada, and China. The progress in the World Soil and Terrain Digital Database (Soter) is also introduced. (3) Soil resource and its evaluation. This paper points out the current situation of the decrease and degradation of soil resource, the progress and prospects of the study on soil resource in China, and the evaluation and mapping of soil/land resources. Biogeography includes: (1) The progress in Geography of Plant Communities in Britain, U. S.,Erope, Soviet Union-Russia, and China. (2) The achievements of the studies on certain types of vegetation by Chinese scholars. (3) The progress in Floristic Geography in China. (4) The advancements of vegetation mapping and the application of new techniques, such as remote sensing and GIS, in this area. (5) The application of Phytogeography, including the progress in Conservation Ecology and Restoration Ecology. (6) The basic study on Zoogeography in China.

Key words: Soil Taxonomy, Soil survey and mapping, Soil/land resource evaluation, the World soils and Terrain Digital Database (Soter), Geography of Plant Communities, Vegetation Geography, Floristic Geography, Zoogeography