地理学报

地理学报 ›› 1994, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 167-173.doi: 10.11821/xb199402008

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

东北林网地区廓线分布和湍流输送特征

刘树华1, 张露琛1, 朱廷曜2, 孔繁智2   

  1. 北京大学地球物理系;
    2. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所
  • 收稿日期:1992-05-01 修回日期:1993-09-01 出版日期:1994-03-15 发布日期:1994-03-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金

CHARACTERISTICS OF ON THE DISTRIBUTIVE PATTERN OF PROFILES AND TURBULENT FLUX TRANSFER IN THE WINDBREAK NETWORK AREA

Liu Shuhua1, Zhang Aichen1, Zhu Tingyao2, Kong Fanzhi2   

  1. 1. Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871;
    2. Institute of Applied Ecology Academia Simica, Shenyang 110015
  • Received:1992-05-01 Revised:1993-09-01 Online:1994-03-15 Published:1994-03-15

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摘要： 本文根据在林网内和旷野对照点草地的温、湿、风廓线和湍流观测资料，就林网对廓线分布规律的影响和湍流输送特征进行了分析。结果表明：林网对近地面层风速的减弱，及增温增湿是明显的。林网地区近地面层存在空气动力学异常现象，其高度可达到或超过树高的３—４倍。林网对边界层的影响高度可达８—１０倍树高，并且对风廓线的影响要比对温度和水汽压廓线的影响更为明显。林网地区湍流宏观统计量σ_ｕ／ｕ、σ_ｖ／ｕ和σ_ω／ｕ比Ｐａｎｏｆｓｋｙ和Ｄｕｔｔｏｎ（１９８４）￣［１］著作中归纳的平原地区的结果系统偏低６—８％。σ_Ｔ／Ｔ的拟合系数旷野点比林网内大３０％左右。在相同稳定度参数ξ值时，林网内近地面层的感热通量明显比旷野对照点草地上大。

关键词: 林网地区, 风, 温, 湿廓线, 感热通量

Abstract: In this paper, using the data of the profiles and atmospheric turbulence and analyzed characteristics of on the distributive pattern of wind speed,temperautre,vapor pressureprofiles and turbulent flux transfer. The data are collected below and above the canopy of the forest in the windbreak network area. The average height of the trees is 9m A 20m gradient observation tower and a tethersonder are used for measuring the profiles,and two set of the atmospheric turbulence instrument are installed at the heights of 4m and 20m in the windbreak network. As the contrast,a same set of the instruments in also installed in the grassland. A 11m gradient observation tower and a tethersonder are used for measuring the profiles,and a set of the atmospheric turbulence instruments is installed at the height of 11m in the grassland. The results show that(1) The thickness of the internal boundary layer is about 8 10 times as much as the tree height.(2)The effects of windbreak network on decreasing wind speed and increasing temperature and humidity are obvious in the windbreak network area.(3)The result is 6 8 per cent less than the values of σ_u/u, σ_v/u and σ_ω/u Given by Panofsky and Dutton(1984) for flat terrain area. (4)The flux profile relationship coule not be applied to the windbreak area,because the assumption of constant flux in the surface layer is not suitalbe for this area. (5)The influenced layer could be divided into two layer: the layer which in about the tree’s top and has with dense leaver; and the layer of the internal boundary layer with its thickness about 100m. (6)The sensible heat flux is obvious greater in the windbreak network region than in the grassland under the same conditions stability. 

Key words: windbreak network area, wind, temperature and humidity profiles, turbulent flux