关键词: 归纳, 演绎, 类比, 科学的, 地理公理, 地理定理, 经验科学

Abstract: To develop a branch of science as quickly as possible, it’s not enouph to recall the past and discuss the present of the science, we must l-e from a point of philosophy to observe and deal with it, too. Then we can escape from the ivory tower made by itself.Logic and philosophy of science give us a good kind of instrument to approach the past, the present, and the future of geography, la this paper, the author advances some questions and some thoughts about them as follows: the study of methods of the past and the present of geography so called empirical science, and their developing tendency; the basic structure of geographical knowledge; geographical axioms; the possibility to infer geographical theories from geographical axioms.

Key words: Induction, Deduction, Analogy, Scientific, Geographical axiom, Geographical law, Empirical science