关键词: 华南, 港湾, 沙坝-潟湖, 形成地貌

Abstract: This paper analysed the main factors of the coastal formation in South China, i.e. the geological structures, the geographical conditions of the mainland coast, the raise of the sea-level during Holocene, the tide, the wave, the longshore drift and so on. The coast in South China is characterized by the pattern of barrier-lagoon (or bay), because the tide range is small and the sediment transported by wave is rather strong. The mud-sand of most part of the barriers was derived from inner shelf, and moved landward with sea-level rise in Holocene. The author described in full details of the morphology about the two patterns of harbour-coasts (i.e. submerged valley and barrier-lagoon). The characteristics of the harbour of barrier-lagoon are as follows:1.A harbour with the barrier-lagoon is commonly independent from the adjacent coastal systems;2.Either the pluvial-alluvial terraces and the erosion platforms or the hills always lie at the back of the barrier-lagoon (or bay) systems;3.During the Holocene, the barriers had evolved continuously by retreat, progradation and return. That correspondingly caused the changes of the other morphology, such as the area of lagoon, the mud flat, the tidal inlet and its sand bodies;4. The foreshorelines of most barriers have tended to the logarithmic spiral plan shape;5. The morphodynamics of beach may be divided into three sections;6. The throat-position of the tidal inlet is always situated in the apex of Z-shaped headland-bay and is generally stable.

Key words: South China, Harbour, Barrier lagoon, Genesis, Morphology