珠三角地区典型淘宝村重构过程及其内在逻辑机制

doi:10.11821/dlxb202112014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在全球化、城市化、工业化和信息化的多重影响下,乡村地域空间普遍经历空间重构过程。着眼于互联网经济驱动下的乡村重构内在机制剖析,本文选择珠三角地区淘宝交易活跃度居全国之首的淘宝村——广州市番禺区里仁洞村为典型案例,通过半结构式访谈,以行动者网络理论为分析框架,剖析珠三角大都市地区典型淘宝村重构过程及其内在逻辑机制。研究表明：地方政府、制衣作坊、村委会、电商创业能人、同乡社会网络等关键行动者依其目标愿景和行动逻辑参与村里土地价值的追逐和获取实现,共同演进和建构起淘宝村产业阶段性演替和空间价值积累的行动者网络过程,其历经政府主导的农业去中心化阶段、市场主导的工业化阶段,以及同乡社会网络主导的电子商务化阶段。政府主体、市场主体和社会主体构成核心驱动力,通过利益赋予联结到一起,依据政治逻辑、市场逻辑和精英逻辑推动乡村空间重构实践,重构结果引发空间社会关系的变化,触动动力机制的转变,并通过空间的重新塑造和价值改变来实现,从外源动力主导向内生发展动力转变,带来新一轮空间重构过程。

关键词: 乡村发展, 乡村重构, 行动者网络, 淘宝村, 乡村振兴, 都市化

Abstract:

Owing to the multiple influences of globalization, urbanization, industrialization, and informatization, rural regional space has experienced the process of reconstruction. Focusing on the analysis of the internal mechanism of rural reconstruction driven by the internet economy, this study selected Lirendong Village in Panyu District of Guangzhou, the most active Taobao trading village in the Pearl River Delta, as a typical case. We had an in-depth analysis of the process and internal mechanism of the reconstruction of typical Taobao villages in the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area through semi-structured interviews and the actor-network theory analysis framework. The study demonstrated that the key actors, such as local government, clothing workshop, village committee, e-commerce entrepreneurs, and social networks of fellow villagers, participate in the pursuit and realization of land value in the village according to their goal vision and action logic. Furthermore, these actors jointly evolve and construct the actor-network process of periodic industrial succession and spatial value accumulation in Taobao villages. The process has gone through the stage of agricultural decentralization led by the government, the industrialization stage dominated by the market, and the stage of e-commerce dominated by the social network of fellow towns people. Government subject, market subject, and social subject constitute the core driving force. They are linked together by providing benefits, and rural reconstruction practice is carried out according to the political, market, and elite logic. The reconstruction results in the change in spatial-social relations related to the changes in the dynamic mechanism. The reconstruction is realized through the reshaping of space and the change of value, from exogenous driving force leading to endogenous driving force exhibition, thus initiating a new cycle of the space reconstruction process.

Key words: rural development, rural reconstruction, actor network, Taobao village, rural revitalization, urbanization

杨忍. 珠三角地区典型淘宝村重构过程及其内在逻辑机制[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(12): 3076-3089.

YANG Ren. The actor-network perspective on the reconstruction process and internal mechanism of typical Taobao villages in the Pearl River Delta region[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(12): 3076-3089.

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土地利用类型	1991年		2006年		2010年		2019年
土地利用类型	面积(hm²)	占比(%)	面积(hm²)	占比(%)	面积(hm²)	占比(%)	面积(hm²)	占比(%)
耕地	284.85	69.48	48.14	11.74	34.26	8.36	0.00	0.00
林地	5.90	1.44	63.82	15.57	57.73	14.08	66.91	16.32
农村宅基地	34.63	8.45	66.03	16.11	61.81	15.08	59.82	14.59
城镇住宅用地	0.00	0.00	116.93	28.52	115.68	28.21	127.12	31.00
工业用地	0.00	0.00	25.17	6.14	29.07	7.09	44.53	10.86
商服用地	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	7.91	1.93	37.37	9.12
公服用地	0.00	0.00	2.29	0.56	1.95	0.47	9.95	2.43
交通运输用地	20.17	4.92	38.45	9.38	49.13	11.98	53.61	13.08
水域及水利设施用地	40.08	9.78	1.84	0.45	0.23	0.06	5.56	1.35
未利用地	24.37	5.94	47.33	11.54	52.24	12.74	5.13	1.25