地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (9): 2283-2296.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202109017
鲍锟山1(), 杨婷1, 肖湘1, 贾琳2, 王国平3, 沈吉4
收稿日期:
2019-12-31
修回日期:
2021-04-20
出版日期:
2021-09-25
发布日期:
2021-11-25
作者简介:
鲍锟山(1984-), 男, 湖北麻城人, 博士, 研究员, 硕导, 主要从事湖沼沉积、泥炭地学与环境演变研究。E-mail: ksbao@scnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
BAO Kunshan1(), YANG Ting1, XIAO Xiang1, JIA Lin2, WANG Guoping3, SHEN Ji4
Received:
2019-12-31
Revised:
2021-04-20
Published:
2021-09-25
Online:
2021-11-25
Supported by:
摘要:
为了探究过去150 a来大气粉尘沉降历史及其对季风边缘区和季风影响区的影响差异,利用长白山典型雨养泥炭灰分粒度、成岩化学元素、210Pb和137Cs年代等指标重建过去大气粉尘变化,并与大兴安岭摩天岭雨养泥炭粉尘记录进行比较。东北山地泥炭灰分主要以粘土颗粒和粉砂颗粒物为主。中值粒径和成岩元素特征也初步揭示东北山地泥炭中矿物灰分主要源于蒙古国和中国北方沙漠和沙地的土壤尘。大气土壤尘降通量自19世纪初至20世纪60年代表现出逐渐增加的趋势,与区域近代化、工业化和战争等人类活动强度增加一致。在过去60 a间具有减小的趋势,与区域自然尘暴的监测数据吻合较好。东北地区长距离传输的大气土壤尘降通量背景基线为(5.2±2.6) g m-2 a-1。长白山大气土壤尘降通量(5~38 g m-2 a-1)小于大兴安岭(14~68 g m-2 a-1),揭示了大气尘降随着与尘源区的距离增加而递减,对东北地区西部的影响要强于对东部的影响。
鲍锟山, 杨婷, 肖湘, 贾琳, 王国平, 沈吉. 基于泥炭记录的过去150 a东北山地大气粉尘沉降[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(9): 2283-2296.
BAO Kunshan, YANG Ting, XIAO Xiang, JIA Lin, WANG Guoping, SHEN Ji. Atmospheric dust deposition history over the past 150 a recorded by mountain peatlands in northeast China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(9): 2283-2296.
表1
东北泥炭中成岩元素与中国北方干旱半干旱地区表层土壤和气溶胶中元素含量比较
样品 | 区域 | 铝(%) | 钙(%) | 铁(%) | 锰(mg g-1) | 钒(mg kg-1) | 钛(mg g-1) | 数据来源 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
泥炭 | 长白山地区 | 0.5~2.3 | 1.2 | 0.2~0.9 | 0~0.2 | 0~33.9 | 0.1~1.7 | [ |
泥炭 | 大兴安岭 | 2.9~5.9 | 4.1~6.2 | 2.4~3.8 | 1.0~2.3 | 87.7~123.9 | 1.6~4.3 | [ |
表土 | 塔克拉玛干沙漠 | 5.0~5.3 | 6.3~6.6 | 2.1~2.3 | 0.5 | - | 0.3 | [ |
表土 | 戈壁沙漠 | 6.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.6 | - | 0.4 | [ |
表土 | 黄土区域 | 5.3~6.0 | 4.8~5.1 | 2.5~2.9 | 0.5~0.7 | - | 0.3 | [ |
粉尘气溶胶 | 巴丹吉林沙漠 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | - | 0.5 | [ |
粉尘气溶胶 | 北京 | 8.6 | - | 2.4 | 1.0 | 95.0 | - | [ |
粉尘气溶胶 | 兰州 | 4.6 | 5.13 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 99.0 | 3.4 | [ |
表2
全球不同区域大气尘降平均通量比较
区域 | 采样点 | 研究方法 | 年份 | 大气尘降通量(g m-2 a-1) | 数据来源 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
中国 | 长白山地区 | 泥炭档案 | 1800—1970s | 5.2~37.8 | 本研究 |
中国 | 大兴安岭 | 泥炭档案 | 1860—2009 | 13.4~68.1 | [ |
中国 | 科尔沁奈曼 | 直接监测 | 2001—2002 | 257.3 | [ |
中国 | 渤海 | 直接监测 | 1987—1992 | 26.4 | [ |
韩国 | 釜山 | 直接监测 | 2002 | 10~77 | [ |
日本 | 札幌市 | 直接监测 | 1994—1995 | 5.2 | [ |
阿根廷 | 潘帕斯草原 | 直接监测 | 1993—1995 | 40~80 | [ |
西亚 | 死海 | 直接监测 | 1997—1999 | 25.5~60.5 | [ |
澳大利亚 | 澳大利亚东部 | 气象资料 | 1957—1984 | 31.4~43.8 | [ |
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