广州社区绿化环境对居民自评健康的邻里影响

doi:10.11821/dlxb202108011

地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (8): 1965-1975.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202108011

广州社区绿化环境对居民自评健康的邻里影响

袁媛¹^,²(), 陈玉洁¹, 刘晔¹^,²(), 丁凯丽³

1.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州 510275
2.广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州 510275
3.浙江万维空间信息技术有限公司,杭州 310051

收稿日期:2020-06-12 修回日期:2021-07-08 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-10-25
通讯作者: 刘晔(1986-), 男, 广东广州人, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向为人口地理、健康地理和城市地理。E-mail: liuye25@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:袁媛(1976-), 女, 浙江绍兴人, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向为健康社区与规划、城市贫困等。E-mail: yyuanah@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51678577);国家自然科学基金项目(41871161);国家自然科学基金项目(41871140);国家自然科学基金项目(41971194);广东省科技创新青年拔尖人才项目;广州市科技项目(201804010241)

The neighborhood effect of residential greenery on residents' self-rated health:A case study of Guangzhou, China

YUAN Yuan¹^,²(), CHEN Yujie¹, LIU Ye¹^,²(), DING Kaili³

1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Guangzhou 510275, China
3. Zhejiang ZJUGIS Space Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051, China

Received:2020-06-12 Revised:2021-07-08 Published:2021-08-25 Online:2021-10-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51678577);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41871161);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41871140);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971194);Guangdong Provincial Technical Innovation Program for the Top Young Talents;Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(201804010241)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

良好的城市生态环境有益于居民的健康福祉。至今鲜有研究阐明绿化环境对中国城市居民健康的心理—社会—行为机制。本文运用广州调查问卷数据、遥感影像数据和百度街景数据,提取多种社区绿化指标,并运用多层线性回归模型和中介效应分析技术,阐明社区绿化环境影响居民自评健康的路径和机制,定量测度社区绿化环境的健康效应在不同社会群体间的差异。研究发现：① 社区绿化水平与居民的自评健康水平存在显著关联;② 社区绿化通过缓解心理压力提升居民的自评健康水平;③ 社区绿化的健康效应在不同收入群体和不同性别群体之间存在明显差异,表现为社区绿化水平与健身时长和心理压力的关系,中低收入群体强于高收入群体,女性群体强于男性群体。本文以期丰富健康地理学视角下的绿化环境与公共健康的实证研究,并为健康社区建设和人居环境提升提供科学依据。

关键词: 社区绿化环境, 自评健康, 邻里影响, 弱势群体, 广州

Abstract:

Urban natural environment especially greenery environment has been consistently linked to better health outcome. Previous studies have shown that the greenery environment of neighborhood is related to residents' health, but scant attention has been paid to biopsychosocial pathways through which neighborhood greenery affects resident' wellbeing. In addition, a limited number of studies have evaluated the healthy pathways between neighborhood greenery and residents' wellbeing among Chinese vulnerable groups in urban setting. Based on neighborhood effect, three potential mediating pathways (namely, increasing physical activity duration, reducing psychological stress and facilitating social interaction) linking neighborhood greenery to residents' self-rated health were explored from 757 participants of Guangzhou, China. In view of questionnaire data involving 30 communities and greenery data obtained from remote sensing image and streetscape data and etc., this research employed multilevel linear regression model and mediating effect model and propensity score matching method to examine biopsychosocial pathways and mechanism linking neighborhood greenery to residents' self-rated health, as well as the difference among different social strata (e.g. different income and gender groups). According to this empirical analysis, the following conclusions can be achieved. Firstly, residential neighborhood greenery is significantly associated with residents' self-rated health outcome. Secondly, reduction in psychological stress is a kind of pathway linking residential neighborhood greenery to residents' self-rated health. Thirdly, the impact of neighborhood greenery on residents' self-rated health differs significantly among different social strata, and neighborhood greenery has greater impact on the self-rated health of low-middle income residents and female residents group, which means the beneficial effect of reduction in psychological stress on self-rated health is strengthened by neighborhood greenery. This research findings enrich the empirical research on greenery environment and public health from the perspective of health geography, and suggest the necessity of improving active spatial intervention and greenspace construction of the "healthy community" at the neighborhood scale in promoting residents' wellbeing in Chinese urban settings.

Key words: residential greenery, self-rated health, neighborhood effect, vulnerable groups, Guangzhou

袁媛, 陈玉洁, 刘晔, 丁凯丽. 广州社区绿化环境对居民自评健康的邻里影响[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(8): 1965-1975.

YUAN Yuan, CHEN Yujie, LIU Ye, DING Kaili. The neighborhood effect of residential greenery on residents' self-rated health:A case study of Guangzhou, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(8): 1965-1975.

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变量	均值/比重 (标准差)	变量	均值/比重 (标准差)	变量	均值/比重 (标准差)
年龄	42.81(13.753)	性别		自评健康水平	12.624(1.864)
户口		男性占比(%)	49.10	NDVI_1000 m	0.117(0.093)
本市(%)	77.30	女性占比(%)	50.90	公园绿地占比	0.033(0.023)
外地(%)	22.70	个人月收入(元/月)		绿视率	0.215(0.074)
学历		0~1499(%)	2.40	最近公园的距离	0.843(0.328)
初中及以下占比(%)	16.90	1500~4999(%)	44.30	健身时长	4.485(3.395)
高中/中专/大专占比(%)	65.40	5000~8999(%)	46.20	心理压力	1.794(0.790)
本科及以上占比(%)	17.70	> 9000(%)	7.10	社会交往	17.913(3.480)

指标	模型1 因变量：自评健康(路径A)		模型1a 因变量：健身时长(路径B)		模型1b 因变量：心理压力(路径C)		模型1c 因变量：社会交往(路径D)		模型2 因变量：自评健康(路径A、B'、C'、D')
指标	系数估计值	标准误	系数估计值	标准误	系数估计值	标准误	系数估计值	标准误	系数估计值	标准误
绿化环境
NDVI_1000m	1.584^***	0.589	3.353^**	1.318	0.202	0.338	1.091	1.266	1.757^***	0.571
公园绿地占比	1.489^*	0.692	2.364	1.545	0.296^*	0.304	2.101	1.157	1.719^**	0.670
绿视率	-1.418^***	0.537	2.890^**	1.190	0.838^***	0.303	0.287	1.157	-1.428^**	0.521
最近公园的距离	-1.970^***	0.533	-2.868^**	1.189	0.591^*	0.304	-2.036^*	1.147	-1.786^***	0.519
中介变量
健身时长									0.022	0.017
心理压力									-0.431^***	0.075
社会交往									0.003	0.016
个体属性
性别(参照组：男)	-0.374^**	0.101	-0.389^*	0.208	-0.055	0.048	-0.565^*	0.235	-0.397^***	0.010
年龄	-0.770^***	0.062	0.958^***	0.131	0.086^***	0.030	0.134	0.148	-0.699^***	0.065
户口(参照组：本市)	-0.021	0.054	0.157	0.309	0.147	0.096	-0.376	0.679	-0.003^**	0.147
教育(参照组：初中及以下)
高中中专大专	0.394	0.172	0.095	0.352	-0.052	0.081	0.526	0.397	0.385	0.168
本科及以上	0.579^**	0.227	0.531	0.466	-0.124	0.108	0.395	0.524	0.555	0.221
收入	0.152	0.119	-0.429^*	0.174	-0.524^***	0.162	-0.237	0.198	0.135	0.084
组间方差	0.442		2.251		0.151		1.985		0.407
组内方差	1.752		7.351		0.391		9.467		1.679
对数似然值	-1313.042		-1858.136		-750.564		-1949.368		-1296.430
AIC	2655.731		3750.272		1535.564		3928.736		2628.861

匹配方法	NDVI_1000 mATT值	公园绿地占比ATT值	绿视率ATT	最近公园的距离ATT值
邻近	0.792^*	0.670^*	-0.560^**	0.590^*
半径	0.184^*	0.398^***	-0.378^**	1.075^***
核心	0.201^*	0.392^***	-0.392^**	1.076^***

指标	模型3 因变量：自评健康 (路径A)		模型3a' 因变量：自评健康(路径A、B'、C'、D')		模型4 因变量：自评健康 (路径A)		模型4a' 因变量：自评健康(路径A、B'、C'、D')
指标	系数 (中低收入)	系数 (高收入)	系数 (中低收入)	系数 (高收入)	系数 (女性)	系数 (男性)	系数 (女性)	系数 (男性)
绿化环境
NDVI_1000 m	1.163^*	1.856^***	1.448^**	1.857^***	1.366^**	1.647^**	1.629^***	1.532^**
公园绿地占比	1.630^**	1.483^**	1.941^**	1.498^**	0.998^**	2.059^***	1.439^**	1.974^***
绿视率	1.273^*	1.527^***	0.710^**	1.299^**	-0.802	-1.887^***	-0.251	-1.894^***
最近公园的距离	-1.273^*	-2.431^***	-1.112^***	-2.142^***	-2.319^***	-1.549^***	-2.034^***	-1.359^**
中介变量
健身时长			-0.049^*	0.034			-0.063^**	0.033
心理压力			-0.538^***	-0.354^***			-0.612^***	-0.173^*
社会交往			0.001	-0.005			0.010	-0.003
组间方差	0.526	0.428	0.481	0.338	0.462	0.489	0.403	0.430
组内方差	2.302	1.245	2.137	1.215	1.787	1.513	1.616	1.506
对数似然值	-664.696	-640.479	-651.443	-633.171	-677.395	-626.098	-657.723	-623.857
AIC	1357.393	1308.957	1336.886	1300.455	1386.790	1284.195	1353.446	1285.715

广州社区绿化环境对居民自评健康的邻里影响

The neighborhood effect of residential greenery on residents' self-rated health:A case study of Guangzhou, China

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