地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (6): 1537-1552.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202106015
收稿日期:
2019-07-27
修回日期:
2020-10-03
出版日期:
2021-06-25
发布日期:
2021-08-25
作者简介:
吴朝宁(1993-), 男, 河北石家庄人, 硕士生, 主要从事地理信息建模研究。E-mail: wzn19930319@163.com
基金资助:
WU Zhaoning1(), LI Renjie1,2, GUO Fenghua3,4
Received:
2019-07-27
Revised:
2020-10-03
Published:
2021-06-25
Online:
2021-08-25
Supported by:
摘要:
准确刻画游客活动空间边界对于优化景区结构、实施界限管控、提高资源利用效益均有重要意义。由于游客行为的复杂性与边界模糊性,利用传统地理边界提取方法难以有效识别游客活动空间边界。基于层次聚类算法优化后的Delaunay三角网进行核密度估计,解决了多尺度下点核密度对空间边界拟合不精确的问题,同时借鉴圈层结构理论,依据游客空间集聚特征建立景区层次结构,利用大量游客长时间签到蕴含的时空信息,分析游客空间分布扩张规律,挖掘地理要素关系,建立“Hie-Density”模型,提出基于圈层结构理论的游客活动空间边界定量提取新方法。本文通过微观视角下圈层子系统的协同作用探究主体系统的宏观演化,证明了“Hie-Density”模型支持对多种游客分布模式进行描述,同时能够依据模型变化曲线定量识别游客活动最佳边界、空间集散状态、中心分裂特征及边界演化方向。多案例实证表明,本方法适用于各类景区的多尺度复杂游客活动空间边界提取,为地理时空数据挖掘提供了新视角和新方法。
吴朝宁, 李仁杰, 郭风华. 基于圈层结构的游客活动空间边界提取新方法[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6): 1537-1552.
WU Zhaoning, LI Renjie, GUO Fenghua. A novel method for extracting spatial boundary of tourist activity based on circle structure[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6): 1537-1552.
表2
各景区模型指数和验证结果
景区 | Hie-Density计算结果 | ε | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hn | λ | 最优边界 | Max( | S(km2) | m | f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | |
五台山 | 2.0363 | 0.1404 | L(6) | 0.1097 | 15.1561 | 94488 | 0.0027 | 0.0024 | 0.0601 | 0.0613 |
三清山 | 2.5548 | 0.1158 | L(6) | 0.0785 | 11.8848 | 94087 | 0.0080 | 0.0062 | 0.0689 | 0.0781 |
九寨沟 | 2.8255 | 0.0991 | L(7) | 0.0733 | 8.2919 | 105632 | 0.0057 | 0.0041 | 0.0827 | 0.1092 |
凤凰古城 | 2.9485 | 0.0724 | L(8) | 0.0476 | 0.7880 | 67984 | 0.2959 | 0.3432 | 1.1016 | 1.2114 |
大理古城 | 3.8099 | 0.0529 | L(8) | 0.0314 | 2.8137 | 256529 | 0.1243 | 0.1527 | 0.2145 | 0.3360 |
表3
各级圈层指标计算结果统计
景区 | 指标 | 圈层边界L(E) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L(1) | L(2) | L(3) | L(4) | L(5) | L(6) | L(7) | L(8) | L(9) | L(10) | ||
五台山 | M(E) | 3976 | 24104 | 56512 | 75616 | 86840 | 94488 | 97432 | 99864 | 100852 | 101636 |
SE (km2) | 0.2660 | 0.7894 | 2.0331 | 4.0321 | 6.1121 | 15.1561 | 26.1561 | 39.0209 | 61.8705 | 124.0058 | |
LE (km) | 1.8717 | 5.2597 | 12.5726 | 18.6100 | 23.2639 | 34.2122 | 55.1183 | 96.6506 | 207.0941 | 277.3274 | |
δE | 0.0050 | 0.0302 | 0.0701 | 0.0923 | 0.1043 | 0.1097 | 0.1083 | 0.1011 | 0.0632 | 0.0517 | |
三清山 | M(E) | 22722 | 41629 | 49112 | 64736 | 82243 | 94087 | 97288 | 100411 | 101013 | 101408 |
SE (km2) | 0.1228 | 0.4978 | 1.0364 | 2.3064 | 4.1805 | 11.8848 | 16.5817 | 23.7126 | 45.2132 | 79.4242 | |
1.7012 | 5.2421 | 6.8862 | 13.7824 | 20.5110 | 32.6023 | 50.9373 | 74.7902 | 94.9487 | 131.8905 | ||
δE | 0.0218 | 0.0397 | 0.0465 | 0.0603 | 0.0749 | 0.0785 | 0.0771 | 0.0685 | 0.0480 | 0.0426 | |
九寨沟 | M(E) | 6328 | 14304 | 32416 | 48320 | 72264 | 84168 | 105632 | 111928 | 115024 | 116624 |
SE (km2) | 0.0612 | 0.1881 | 0.8112 | 1.8200 | 3.3180 | 5.2619 | 8.2919 | 13.0529 | 27.0477 | 40.7900 | |
LE (km) | 1.2622 | 2.8100 | 11.1525 | 20.0080 | 29.3798 | 38.5817 | 51.5698 | 64.7361 | 93.5963 | 123.8845 | |
δE | 0.0054 | 0.0121 | 0.0270 | 0.0393 | 0.0566 | 0.0593 | 0.0733 | 0.0691 | 0.0504 | 0.0365 | |
凤凰古城 | M(E) | 7112 | 10318 | 14000 | 26684 | 42749 | 55286 | 60823 | 67984 | 70329 | 71218 |
SE (km2) | 0.0189 | 0.0409 | 0.0743 | 0.1440 | 0.2502 | 0.3737 | 0.5263 | 0.7880 | 1.1461 | 1.8956 | |
LE (km) | 0.9885 | 1.5527 | 2.3144 | 3.9672 | 4.8379 | 7.0516 | 9.5709 | 10.6762 | 12.8117 | 20.3016 | |
δE | 0.0072 | 0.0103 | 0.0137 | 0.0252 | 0.0423 | 0.0462 | 0.0467 | 0.0476 | 0.0391 | 0.0266 | |
大理古城 | M(E) | 1813 | 26257 | 59794 | 91483 | 154602 | 193081 | 228445 | 256529 | 265466 | 271349 |
SE (km2) | 0.0108 | 0.1012 | 0.2410 | 0.4715 | 0.8154 | 1.2913 | 2.0011 | 2.8137 | 4.2232 | 5.8869 | |
LE (km) | 0.3816 | 3.2068 | 6.2567 | 11.1658 | 15.9691 | 18.6702 | 20.6469 | 23.1153 | 17.3341 | 19.6943 | |
δE | 0.0003 | 0.0048 | 0.0106 | 0.0156 | 0.0249 | 0.0287 | 0.0312 | 0.0314 | 0.0244 | 0.0195 |
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