地理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (9): 1921-1937.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201909016
收稿日期:
2019-03-04
修回日期:
2019-08-01
出版日期:
2019-09-25
发布日期:
2019-09-25
作者简介:
刘立程(1994-), 男, 甘肃民勤人, 硕士生, 研究方向为土地利用与生态评价。E-mail: llcnwnu@163.com
基金资助:
LIU Licheng1,3,LIU Chunfang2,3(),WANG Chuan1,3,LI Pengjie1,3
Received:
2019-03-04
Revised:
2019-08-01
Published:
2019-09-25
Online:
2019-09-25
Supported by:
摘要:
生态系统服务的持续供给是社会和自然可持续发展的基础,人类通过对生态系统服务的消费来满足需求和提高自身福祉。研究生态系统服务的供给和人类对生态系统服务的需求与消费,分析生态系统服务的供需特征与空间权衡关系,对区域生态系统的管理和资源的有效配置具有重要意义。以兰州市为例,利用全市2017年土地覆被、气象观测和统计年鉴等多源数据,应用InVEST模型、ArcGIS和GeoDA等空间分析工具,计算了研究区产水、食物供给、碳固持和土壤保持等4项服务的供给量及需求量,并对区域内生态系统服务的供需匹配状况进行了分析与评价。结果表明:① 兰州市各项生态系统服务的供给与需求空间异质性显著,各项服务总供给量均大于总需求量,且在不同区域与不同生态系统服务之间存在明显差异;② 兰州市综合生态系统服务供需比为0.039,不同生态系统服务供需匹配状况存在差异,产水服务(0.098)>碳固持服务(0.066)>食物供给服务(0.030)>土壤保持服务(0.001),且城乡供需匹配差异显著;③ 兰州市生态系统服务供需空间匹配有“高高型空间匹配”、“低低型空间匹配”、“高低型空间错位”和“低高型空间错位”4种类型,且各项服务的主导空间匹配类型有所不同;④ 兰州市各项生态系统服务的供需平衡状况存在明显的协同作用,分别是“高高协同”与“低低协同”。
刘立程, 刘春芳, 王川, 李鹏杰. 黄土丘陵区生态系统服务供需匹配研究——以兰州市为例[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(9): 1921-1937.
LIU Licheng, LIU Chunfang, WANG Chuan, LI Pengjie. Supply and demand matching of ecosystem services in loess hilly region: A case study of Lanzhou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(9): 1921-1937.
表2
兰州市各区县生态系统服务供需特征
产水服务(m3·hm-2) | 食物供给服务(t·km-2) | 碳固持服务(t·km-2) | 土壤保持服务(t·hm-2) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
供给 | 需求 | 供给 | 需求 | 供给 | 需求 | 供给 | 需求 | |
兰州市 | 2570.17 | 343.82 | 376.41 | 113.38 | 4625.65 | 841.37 | 24.53 | 13.19 |
城关区 | 2442.38 | 5903.54 | 79.62 | 1946.84 | 5959.09 | 14446.41 | 21.42 | 9.40 |
七里河区 | 2666.76 | 1555.42 | 816.52 | 1147.00 | 7034.88 | 3806.24 | 57.59 | 8.09 |
安宁区 | 2459.80 | 3228.87 | 113.25 | 1693.93 | 5159.55 | 7901.30 | 10.38 | 9.71 |
西固区 | 2617.93 | 587.88 | 270.99 | 209.87 | 5220.65 | 1438.59 | 26.94 | 16.79 |
红古区 | 2824.80 | 313.02 | 269.59 | 103.23 | 3992.89 | 766.00 | 15.63 | 18.29 |
榆中县 | 2574.14 | 235.00 | 690.80 | 77.50 | 6086.43 | 575.06 | 30.24 | 10.93 |
永登县 | 2733.25 | 169.03 | 301.32 | 55.74 | 3649.31 | 413.64 | 25.95 | 16.20 |
皋兰县 | 2054.09 | 111.61 | 115.71 | 36.81 | 4609.20 | 273.12 | 9.06 | 7.96 |
表3
兰州市各区县生态系统服务供需比
产水服务供需比 | 食物供给服务供需比 | 碳固持服务供需比 | 土壤保持服务供需比 | 综合供需比 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
兰州市 | 0.098 | 0.030 | 0.066 | 0.001 | 0.039 |
城关区 | -0.152 | -0.215 | -0.148 | 0.001 | -0.102 |
七里河区 | 0.048 | 0.035 | 0.057 | 0.005 | 0.028 |
安宁区 | -0.033 | -0.110 | -0.047 | 0.000 | -0.038 |
西固区 | 0.089 | 0.009 | 0.066 | 0.001 | 0.033 |
红古区 | 0.111 | 0.020 | 0.057 | 0.000 | 0.037 |
榆中县 | 0.103 | 0.071 | 0.096 | 0.002 | 0.054 |
永登县 | 0.086 | 0.028 | 0.057 | 0.001 | 0.034 |
皋兰县 | 0.113 | 0.009 | 0.076 | 0.000 | 0.040 |
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