内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘 137Cs、 210Pbex复合示踪研究

doi:10.11821/dlxb201909014

地理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (9): 1890-1903.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201909014

内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘 ¹³⁷Cs、 ²¹⁰Pb_ex复合示踪研究

胡云锋^1,²,张云芝^1,²

^1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101
^2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2018-07-03 修回日期:2019-07-01 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-25
作者简介:胡云锋(1974-), 男, 江西赣州人, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事生态环境评价、遥感监测与区域可持续发展评价研究。E-mail: huyf@lreis.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19040301);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20010202);国家重点研发项目(2016YFC0503701);国家重点研发项目(2016YFB0501502);高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(00-Y30B14-9001-14/16)

Using ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_ex to investigate the soil erosion and accumulation moduli on the southern margin of the Hunshandake Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia

HU Yunfeng^1,²,ZHANG Yunzhi^1,²

^1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
^2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2018-07-03 Revised:2019-07-01 Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-09-25
Supported by:
Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDA19040301);Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDA20010202);National Key Research and Development Programm of China(2016YFC0503701);National Key Research and Development Programm of China(2016YFB0501502);Key Project of High-resolution Earth Observation(00-Y30B14-9001-14/16)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤风蚀是导致土地退化、荒漠化以及大气扬尘、风沙天气的重要原因。内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘是国家主体功能区规划确定的“两屏三带”的重要部分,科学估算本地区土壤风蚀强度及其变化,是地区生态安全和生态建设成效评估的重要内容。选择浑善达克沙地南缘的正蓝旗为研究区,运用 ¹³⁷Cs、 ²¹⁰Pb_ex复合示踪技术,对研究区土壤侵蚀速率及其变化进行了分析。结果表明：① 研究区内 ¹³⁷Cs本底值为2123.5±163.94 Bq·m ^-2, ²¹⁰Pb_ex本底值为8112±1787.62 Bq·m ^-2。② 基于 ¹³⁷Cs同位素示踪分析,研究区侵蚀模数为-483.99~740.31 t·km ^-2·a ^-1;基于 ²¹⁰Pb_ex同位素示踪分析,研究区侵蚀模数为-441.53~797.98 t·km ^-2·a ^-1。③ 与20世纪20-70年代相比,20世纪70年代以来土壤侵蚀与堆积速率明显降低,研究区风沙活动明显减弱,区域生态环境质量得到改善。综合 ¹³⁷Cs和 ²¹⁰Pb_ex的多同位素复合示踪技术在干旱、半干旱地区土壤侵蚀研究中具有较大的潜力。

关键词: 风蚀, 示踪技术, 本底值, 定量估算, 沙地

Abstract:

Wind-driven soil erosion results in land degradation, desertification, atmospheric dust, and sandstorms. The Hunshandake Sandy Land, an important part of the Two Barriers and Three Belts project, plays important roles in preventing desert and sandy land expansion and in maintaining local sustainability. Hence, assessing soil erosion and soil accumulation moduli and analyzing the dynamic changes are valuable. In this paper, Zhenglan Banner, located on the southern margin of the Hunshandake Sandy Land, was selected as the study area. The soil erosion and accumulation moduli were estimated using the ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_ex composite tracing technique, and the dynamics of soil erosion and soil accumulation were analyzed during two periods. The results are as follows: (1) the regional ¹³⁷Cs reference inventory was 2123.5±163.94 Bq·m ^-2, and the regional ²¹⁰Pbex reference inventory was 8112±1787.62 Bq·m ^-2. (2) Based on the ¹³⁷Cs isotope tracing analysis, the erosion moduli ranged from -483.99 to 740.31 t·km ^-2·a ^-1. Based on the ²¹⁰Pb_ex isotope tracing analysis, the erosion moduli was from -441.53 to 797.98 t·km ^-2·a ^-1. (3) Compared with the 1920-1970s, since the 1970s lower soil erosion moduli and accumulation moduli were observed. Therefore, the activities of local sand dunes weakened, and the quality of the local ecological environment improved. The multi-isotope composite tracing technique combining the tracers ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_ex has potential for similar soil erosion studies in arid or semiarid regions around the world.

Key words: wind erosion, isotope tracing, reference inventory, quantitative estimation, sandy land

胡云锋, 张云芝. 内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘 ¹³⁷Cs、 ²¹⁰Pb_ex复合示踪研究[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(9): 1890-1903.

HU Yunfeng, ZHANG Yunzhi. Using ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_ex to investigate the soil erosion and accumulation moduli on the southern margin of the Hunshandake Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(9): 1890-1903.

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样点编号	经度(^oE)	纬度(^oN)	高程(m)	年降雨 (mm·a^-1)	模型模拟CRI (Bq·m^-2)	推测CRI值域 (Bq·m^-2)	实测值(Bq·m^-2)	实测值是否在CRI值域范围
A1	115.93	42.33	1367	365	1576	1890 ~ 2665	2864	否
A3	115.91	42.74	1319				2225	是
A4	115.89	42.81	1325				2022	是
B1	115.9	42.33	1365				2455	是
B2	115.9	42.33	1366				1928	是
B3	115.94	42.33	1376				2124	是
B4	115.73	42.36	1389				2952	否
B5	115.82	42.44	1342				2394	是
C2	115.9	42.13	1316				3256	否
C3	115.94	42.13	1339				2904	否
D1	116.09	42.29	1282				4635	否
D2	116.21	42.41	1280				1987	是
D3	116.17	42.5	1426				3511	否

采样点	土壤类型	地形地貌特征	植被覆盖状况(%)	¹³⁷Cs面积活度（Bq·m^-2)	土壤容重(t·m^-3)	年侵蚀/堆积厚度(mm·a^-1)	年风蚀/堆积速率(t·km^-2·a^-1)
A1	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	2864±516.23	1.56.3	-0.144	-224.39
A2	栗钙土	半固定沙地(缓坡)	20~30	1332±857.16	1.587	0.170	269.79
A5	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	591±256.27	1.472	0.503	740.31
B1	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	2455±569.0	1.211	-0.080	-97.35
B2	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	1929±560.6	1.309	0.018	24.21
B4	黑钙土	固定沙地	70~80	2952±292.45	1.329	-0.156	-207.29
B5	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	2394±442.07	1.335	-0.070	-93.67
C1	栗钙土	固定沙地	30~40	1737±458.96	1.754	0.061	107.51
C2	草甸土	固定沙地	70~80	3256±693.32	1.481	-0.196	-290.46
C3	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	2904±804.56	1.567	-0.149	-233.85
C4	栗钙土	固定沙地(半坡)	40~50	1393±97.82	1.473	0.152	223.44
D1	草甸土	固定沙地	70~80	4635±200.0	1.420	-0.341	-483.99
D2	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	1987±430.77	1.488	0.006	9.19
D3	黑钙土	固定沙地	70~80	3511±177.17	1.678	-0.227	-380.85
D4	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	1505±254.99	1.363	0.120	163.44
E1	草原风沙土	固定沙地(山前台地)	50~60	1451±339.53	1.712	0.135	231.16
E2	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	1401±139.49	1.672	0.149	249.71
E3	草甸土	固定沙地(台地)	30~40	1859±222.90	1.632	0.034	54.81

采样点	土壤类型	地形地貌特征	植被覆盖状况(%)	²¹⁰Pb_ex面积活度(Bq·m^-2)	土壤容重(t·m^-3)	年侵蚀/堆积厚度(mm·a^-1)	年风蚀/堆积速率(t·km^-2·a^-1)
A1	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	9871±1298.12	1.56.3	-0.164	-255.87
A2	栗钙土	半固定沙地(缓坡)	20~30	6483±2885.46	1.587	0.232	368.74
A5	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	7403±738.79	1.472	0.088	129.95
B1	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	11151±159.99	1.211	-0.250	-302.74
B2	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	7555±91.50	1.309	0.068	89.02
B4	黑钙土	固定沙地	70~80	10174±1639.76	1.329	-0.186	-247.30
B5	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	8118±930.08	1.335	-0.001	-0.90
C1	栗钙土	固定沙地	30~40	6609±951.43	1.754	0.210	368.66
C2	草甸土	固定沙地	70~80	12023±1286.46	1.481	-0.298	-441.53
C3	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	7713±393.57	1.567	0.048	74.70
C4	栗钙土	固定沙地(半坡)	40~50	6461±1160.75	1.473	0.236	348.10
D1	草甸土	固定沙地	70~80	9106±147.82	1.420	-0.100	-142.62
D2	栗钙土	固定沙地	70~80	5143±662.26	1.488	0.536	797.98
D3	黑钙土	固定沙地	70~80	9966±1698.73	1.678	-0.171	-286.75
D4	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	5931±1660.60	1.363	0.341	464.27
E1	草原风沙土	固定沙地(山前台地)	50~60	7270±783.81	1.712	0.107	182.98
E2	草原风沙土	半固定沙地	30~40	6554±2132.22	1.672	0.220	367.25
E3	草甸土	固定沙地(台地)	30~40	8871±673.03	1.632	-0.079	-128.53

内蒙古浑善达克沙地南缘 ¹³⁷Cs、 ²¹⁰Pb_ex复合示踪研究

Using ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb_ex to investigate the soil erosion and accumulation moduli on the southern margin of the Hunshandake Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia

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