地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (7): 1467-1481.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201907015

• 地理信息技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于多源遥感影像的洞庭湖地形提取方法

隆院男1,2,闫世雄1,蒋昌波1,2(),吴长山2,3,李志威1,2,唐蓉1   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学水利工程学院,长沙 410114
    2.洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410114
    3.美国威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校地理系,美国 密尔沃基 WI53211
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-03 修回日期:2019-03-11 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 蒋昌波
  • 作者简介:隆院男(1985-), 男, 湖南宁乡人, 博士, 讲师, 研究方向为水文遥感和流域水文模型。E-mail: lynzhb@csust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(91647118);国家自然科学基金项目(51809020);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2016JJ3011);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3535)

A new method for extracting lake bathymetry using multi-temporal and multi-source remote sensing imagery: A case study of Dongting Lake

LONG Yuannan1,2,YAN Shixiong1,JIANG Changbo1,2(),WU Changshan2,3,LI Zhiwei1,2,TANG Rong1   

  1. 1.School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
    3.Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
  • Received:2018-04-03 Revised:2019-03-11 Online:2019-07-25 Published:2019-07-23
  • Contact: JIANG Changbo
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of China(91647118);Natural Science Foundation of China(51809020);Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2016JJ3011);Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2018JJ3535)

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摘要：

湖底地形数据是湖泊流域规划与治理、湖区冲淤变化研究、水资源利用和生态环境保护的重要基础。但传统的大型湖泊湖底地形数据获取手段耗时长、投入大,因此,有必要研究一种基于遥感影像快速获取湖底地形数据的方法。本文以洞庭湖为研究对象,采用Landsat和MODIS系列遥感影像提取湖区边界,基于趋势面分析法和克里金插值法,反演湖区边界各点对应的水位,将带有水位信息的边界点作为高程点实现湖底地形反演,进一步用实测湖底地形验证反演方法的可靠性。研究结果表明,克里金插值法水位反演效果较好,交叉验证的误差标准平均值在0.2 m以内,水位样本点分布较多处,基于克里金法的地形反演绝对误差在1 m以内。本文利用湖泊淹没区域变化的特点快速获取湖底地形,对湖区演变分析、综合治理与保护等具有重要意义。

关键词: 湖底地形, 水位, 遥感影像, 湖泊边界, 水位反演, 洞庭湖

Abstract:

Lake bathymetry can provide abundant information for basin planning and governance, watershed erosion and siltation management, water resource utilization, as well as environmental protection. In particular, lake bathymetry is essential for lake development and conservation, and is also closely related to sediment deposition and removal. A number of sounding techniques, such as single-beam sonar sounding, multi-beam sonar sounding, and unmanned ship sounding, have been applied to extract underwater topography of lakes. These techniques, albeit with high measurement accuracy, are time-consuming and costly. Therefore, it is of great need to develop a simple and cost-effective method. To reach this goal, recent advances of remote sensing technologies provide an alternative means of accurately measuring lake bathymetry information. Taking Dongting Lake as the study area, this paper estimated the lake bathymetry through extracting the boundaries of lake areas using multi-temporal Landsat and MODIS image series. In particular, the water level corresponding to each reference point of the lake boundary is retrieved based on trend surface analysis and kriging interpolation technology. Then the water levels of these points are regarded as the elevation points to retrieve the landform of the lakebed of the Dongting Lake. The reliability and accuracy of the developed methods were assessed through the comparsion with the actual measurements. Results indicate that the kriging interpolation technology performs well, with the average of cross-validated error target less than 0.2 meter, and the retrieval error of lake boundary with more reference points less than 1 meter. This paper suggests that an improved method for accurately and rapidly extracting lake bathymetry information can be achieved through examining the changes of water levels. This method might be of great significance for further study on lake evolution, lake development planning, and water ecological protection.

Key words: lake bathymetry, water level, remote sensing imagery, lake boundary, water retrieval, Dongting Lake