民国时期江西省城市用地与城市化水平

doi:10.11821/dlxb201803012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

定量重建历史时期城市土地利用规模、结构和城市化水平数据集有助于更好地模拟土地覆被变化的环境效应。根据日本侵华战争军事地形图资料,在ArcGIS平台定量重建民国时期江西省范围内县级以上城市用地规模和结构,取得了一套可用于历史时期土地利用模型的城垣周长、城市用地面积、城垣内非建设用地、城垣外建设用地情况的综合数据集,并在此基础上分析了县域尺度下的土地城市化水平。与更为详细的大比例尺地图的比较表明,本套数据集误差在±10%之内。有“城内田”现象的城市为20个,有“城外市”现象的城市为28个,分别占江西省全部城市数的25%和35%。城市用地重建结果表明,江西省80个县级及以上城市总建设用地面积为87.99 km²,约占全省总面积的0.053%。民国时期江西的整体城市化率为0.047%,最高的南昌为0.19%,最低的遂川县仅为0.007%,城市化水平与县域人口总量呈正相关（r = 0.457,P < 0.001）。空间格局分析表明,江西省县域城市化水平具有北高南低的特点。江西省民国时期城市用地和城市化水平数据集可以为相关全球环境变化模型提供直接的用地基础数据。

关键词: 民国时期, 江西省, 城市用地, 城市化水平, 土地利用/土地覆被变化

Abstract:

The quantitative reconstruction of historical urban land use and urbanization level data sets can make contribution to good simulation of the environmental effects of land use and cover change. In this study, urban land use and city patterns above or within the county level in Jiangxi Province during the Republican era are reconstructed with the aid of the ArcGIS platform on the basis of the military map during the Japanese invasion of China. A comprehensive data set, which contains the city wall perimeter, urban land area, non-construction land in the city wall, and construction land outside the city wall, is obtained. The data set with a 10% error based on the comparison with detailed data from other studies can be applied to land use models of various historical periods. The county-scale level of land urbanization is analyzed. The "farmland-inside-city" phenomenon occurred in 20 cities, which accounted for 25% of the total number of cities in Jiangxi. The "urban-outside-city" phenomenon is found in 28 cities, which accounted for 35% of the total number of cities in the province. The result shows that the overall area of urban construction was 87.99 km², which accounted for 0.053% of Jiangxi's total area. The overall urbanization rate of Jiangxi during the Republican era was 0.047%. Of all the cities and counties in the province, Nanchang had the highest urbanization rate (0.19%), whereas Suichuan reached only 0.007%. The urbanization level was positively correlated with the population (r = 0.457, P < 0.001). The data sets of urban land use and urbanization in Jiangxi can provide land use data for relevant global environmental change models.

Key words: Republic of China period, Jiangxi Province, urban land use, urbanization level, land use and cover change

万智巍,贾玉连,蒋梅鑫,刘影,洪祎君,卢成芳. 民国时期江西省城市用地与城市化水平[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(3): 550-561.

WAN Zhiwei,JIA Yulian,JIANG Meixin,LIU Ying,HONG Yijun,LU Chengfang. Reconstruction of urban land use and urbanization level in Jiangxi Province during the Republic of China period[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018, 73(3): 550-561.

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