关键词: 集体记忆, 更路簿, 记忆重构, 耕海文化

Abstract:

The "Geng Lu Bu" of South China Sea is a national non-material cultural heritage, which carries Hainan fishermen's deep "Family-country" feelings and collective memory about the activities of “Cultivating the Sea” for thousands of years. With the rapid development of navigation technologies and positioning systems in a modern society, "Geng Lu Bu" is gradually fading out of the stage of history. Hainan fishermen’s collective memory of "Geng Lu Bu" has been suffering from amnesia, so it is of great significance to discuss how to activate "Geng Lu Bu" as a cultural heritage, and is of great urgency to explore how to not only protect but also inherit the collective memory effectively. Data and information are obtained from field surveys in Wenchang and Qionghai of Hainan and interviews from 20 local old fishermen. By adopting software NVivo8 to analyze the interview data and some relevant literatures, this paper discussed the dynamic change and reconstruction mechanism of collective memory. Results show that: (1) The intergenerational change of memory subject and the functional evolution of memory objective information has weakened the survival environment of "Geng Lu Bu". The fishermen's vague perception of fishing time and season obstructs the intergenerational inheritance of the memory about "Geng Lu Bu". (2) Multiple memory subjects' persue attaches new value and meaning to "Geng Lu Bu", and this, from another perspective, can reflect the reconstruction of collective memory of "Geng Lu Bu". Besides, the tradition of family inheritance and the systematization of scared space have activated the vital force of this memory. Conducted by the media, information's reorganization and identity assimilation has become an important way to reconstruct the memory. (3) Fishermen's local identity and emotional connection to the South China Sea, is the core of the memory's reconstruction. The localization of geographical space has formed a mutual communication between collective memory and individual memory. The exogenous character of collective memory has been sublimated into the "family-country isomorphism". (4) As the birthplace of "Cultivating the Sea" culture, the South China Sea's spatial pattern change has depended on the memory about "Geng Lu Bu" and interacted with each other. In the future, the linkage of the memory about "Geng Lu Bu" and the memory subject would be significantly affected by the fishermen's spatial practice and identity. The paper finally puts forward some suggestions on the protection and activation of cultural heritage.

Key words: collective memory, Geng Lu Bu, reconstruction, marine culture