地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (10): 1800-1811.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201710006
收稿日期:
2017-01-16
修回日期:
2017-07-08
出版日期:
2017-11-10
发布日期:
2017-11-06
作者简介:
作者简介:杜志威(1987-), 男, 广东广州人, 博士, 研究方向为城市与区域发展和规划。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2017-01-16
Revised:
2017-07-08
Published:
2017-11-10
Online:
2017-11-06
Supported by:
摘要:
珠江三角洲是世界范围内经济和城镇发展“增长奇迹”的典型地区,当中以东莞为代表的“外向型城镇化”模式长期受到国内外学者的关注。然而,2008年的金融危机冲击对东莞经济造成巨大冲击,市域范围同时出现了普遍增长与局部收缩两种截然不同的新空间现象。随着中国经济步入新常态,城镇化快速发展过程中伴随的局部收缩现象逐渐引起学界和社会的广泛讨论。基于此,从城镇发展要素的集聚与流动出发,结合经济、人口和用地三个维度,提出理解城镇增长与收缩的分析框架,并对不同类型特征的城镇进行区分:持续增长、转型增长、潜在收缩与显著收缩。在实证分析部分,文章以东莞为案例,通过考察各镇街单元城镇增长与收缩的时间演变和空间格局,结合典型城镇案例分析,从经济危机冲击、刘易斯转折点、路径依赖存在、制度环境安排四个方面探讨东莞城镇增长与收缩的形成机制,最后对增长与收缩的未来深化研究方向进行讨论。
杜志威, 李郇. 珠三角快速城镇化地区发展的增长与收缩新现象[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(10): 1800-1811.
Zhiwei DU, Xun LI. Growth or shrinkage: New phenomena of regional development in the rapidly-urbanising Pearl River Delta[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(10): 1800-1811.
表1
东莞不同类型城镇的主要特征与所属镇街
城镇类型 | 主要特征 | 所属城镇 |
---|---|---|
持续增长 | 通过传统制造业与现代服务业结合,或推动先进制造业升级,不断吸引资本要素和人口要素的流入,实现了经济、人口和用地三者良性循环; | 松山湖、东城街道、南城街道、虎门镇、麻涌镇、厚街镇、大朗镇、谢岗镇、东坑镇 |
转型增长 | 受到金融危机影响出现人口收缩,通过“机器换人”和技术创新的方式,推动劳动密集型产业转型升级,实现了经济的重新增长; | 长安镇、寮步镇、沙田镇、凤岗镇、桥头镇 |
潜在收缩 | 主导产业处于比较劣势,缺乏明确的城镇转型方向路径,虽然城镇人口数量保持稳定,但经济指标持续下滑面临着收缩的风险; | 常平镇、清溪镇、横沥镇、企石镇、石排镇、石龙镇、石碣镇、洪梅镇、莞城街道、万江街道 |
显著收缩 | 城镇原有经济与人口基础较薄弱,金融危机冲击过后城镇收缩凸显,在经济指标低增速的同时,人口数量持续出现负增长。 | 望牛墩镇、道滘镇、中堂镇、高埗镇、茶山镇、大岭山镇、黄江镇、塘厦镇、樟木头镇 |
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