不同时间尺度的阿尔泰山北部和南部降水对比研究

doi:10.11821/dlxb201709003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

常年受到西风影响的阿尔泰山地区,是古气候研究的重点区域之一。利用阿尔泰山北部和南部的11个气象站观测数据和已发表的古气候数据（包括树轮、冰芯和湖芯）,详细对比了不同时间尺度上（季节、年、几十年、百年和千年尺度）阿尔泰山北部和南部的降水变化。结果表明,阿尔泰山北部器测时段降水是逐渐下降的,而阿尔泰山南部降水反而呈现逐渐增加的趋势。这种反相的降水关系也体现在过去200年、过去1000年和全新世时段,说明阿尔泰山北部和南部降水在季节、年、几十年、百年和千年尺度上均存在相反的趋势。不同时间尺度上降水存在的相反关系表明阿尔泰山是一个重要的气候边界。但不同时间尺度上出现相反变化的原因需进一步详细探讨,这不仅有助于了解区域水汽变化的历史,也有助于加深理解欧亚草原丝绸之路文化的演替。

关键词: 阿尔泰山, 降水, 不同时间尺度, 古气候

Abstract:

As one of the most important regions for paleoclimate study, the Altai Mountains are influenced by the prevailing westerly airflow throughout a year. In order to get a better understanding of the precipitation variations at different time scales (i.e., season, year, multi-decades, centennial and millennial scales) in the northern and southern Altai Mountains, we investigate the observed data from 11 meteorological stations and published paleoclimate documents (including tree rings, ice cores and lake cores) in the northern and southern Altai Mountains. The results show that the precipitation during the observed interval experiences a decreasing trend in the northern Altai Mountains, whereas an increasing trend in the southern Altai Mountains. The out-of-phase relationship of precipitation in the northern and southern Altai Mountains also exists in the two centennial intervals, the last millennium and the Holocene epoch. We propose that the out-of-phase relationships of precipitation variations at different time-scales (i.e., season, year, multi-decades, centennial and millennial scales) indicate that the Altai Mountains are an important climatic boundary. However, the reasons of out-of-phase relationship at different time-scales remains to be investigated in the future. The next work is not only helpful to understand the history of regional water vapor change, but also contributes to the understanding of the succession of the Silk Road culture along the Europe-Asian steppe.

Key words: Altai Mountains, precipitation, different time scales, paleoclimate

张东良, 兰波, 杨运鹏. 不同时间尺度的阿尔泰山北部和南部降水对比研究[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(9): 1569-1579.

Dongliang ZHANG, Bo LAN, Yunpeng YANG. Comparison of precipitation variations at different time scales in the northern and southern Altai Mountains[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(9): 1569-1579.

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	序号	气象站名	纬度	经度	海拔(m)	暖季降水(mm)	冷季降水(mm)	年降水(mm)
阿尔泰山北部	1	Kyzyl-Ozek	51.90°N	86.0°E	331	569.3	160.2	729.5
	2	Yailu	51.77°N	87.6°E	480	749.5	57.7	807.2
	3	Ust-Coksa	50.30°N	85.6°E	978	385.5	74.7	460.3
	4	Kara-Tyurek	50.00°N	86.4°E	2600	486.0	106.2	592.2
	5	Kosh-Agach	50.00°N	88.4°E	1760	105.3	16.5	121.7
	6	Ulgii	48.90°N	91.9°E	171	114.1	5.9	120.1
	7	Hovd	48.00°N	91.4°E	1400	121.6	7.0	128.6
阿尔泰山南部	8	青河	46.67°N	90.38°E	1220	109.8	67.9	177.7
	9	富蕴	46.98°N	85.52°E	826.6	106.5	83.7	190.1
	10	阿勒泰	47.03°N	88.08°E	736.9	107.0	92.9	200.0
	11	哈巴河	48.05°N	86.40°E	534	112.1	79.8	191.9

位置	序号	研究区	方差解释量(%)	序列长度(a)	数据来源
阿尔泰山北部	1	Koksu、Mongun、Aktash	-	200(1800-2005 AD)	Sidorova等^[17]
	2	Abakan附近	56	127(1875-2012 AD)	Shah等^[18]
	3	Belukha冰芯	-	750(1250-2000 AD)	Henderson等^[19]
阿尔泰山南部	1	东南端	65.5	184(1825-2009 AD)	Chen等^[20]
	2	西北端	40.7	252(1760-2012 AD)	Chen等^[21]
	3	西北端	36.6	524(1481-2004 AD)	张同文等^[22]
	4	南部	40.7	188(1818-2006 AD)	胡义成等^[23]
	5	东南端	-	221(1790-2011 AD)	Xu等^[24]
	6	南部	46.5	160(1850-2012 AD)	张瑞波等^[25]

位置	研究区	纬度	经度	海拔(m)	年均夏季温(℃)	年均冬季温(℃)	年均降水量(mm)	数据来源
阿尔泰山北部	捷列茨科耶湖	54.65°N	87.67°E	434	11.5	-12.5	300	Andreev等^[14];Kalugin等^[15]
阿尔泰山南部	铁力沙汗湖	48.82°N	87.00°E	1576	22	-15	184	Li等^[16]