地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (4): 685-698.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201704010
收稿日期:
2016-07-07
修回日期:
2016-12-20
出版日期:
2017-04-20
发布日期:
2017-04-20
作者简介:
作者简介:赵雪雁(1971-), 女, 甘肃武都人, 教授, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110000066M), 主要从事生态经济研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Xueyan ZHAO(), Weijun WANG, Wenyu WAN
Received:
2016-07-07
Revised:
2016-12-20
Published:
2017-04-20
Online:
2017-04-20
Supported by:
摘要:
健康不公平作为影响人类发展的核心问题,已引起世界各国的广泛关注。基于变异系数、泰勒指数、空间自相关分析和空间面板计量模型,本文探讨了2003年以来中国居民健康水平的区域差异、时空变化及其关键影响因素,旨在为政府制定全民健康政策提供科学依据。结果发现:① 2003-2013年,中国居民健康水平提高26.98%,西部增幅高于东、中部,但始终保持着“东—中—西”阶梯式递减态势;② 中国居民健康水平的区域差异总体呈扩大趋势,其中地带间差异趋于缩小,地带内差异趋于扩大,西部地带内差异扩大尤为显著;③ 居民健康水平的空间分布转为明显的“T”字型格局,并呈“东—中—西”阶梯式及“北—中—南”对称式递减;④ 居民健康水平的空间集聚程度趋于减小,热点区与冷点区均呈收缩态势,且西部形成规模显著的稳定性冷点,东部沿海形成规模显著的稳定性热点;⑤ 人均GDP、人均公共医疗卫生支出、城市化水平及环境质量等因素对居民健康水平时空变化具有显著影响,随着人均GDP与人均公共医疗卫生支出的增加、城市化水平的提高及环境质量的改善,居民健康水平随之提高。未来,还需对居民健康水平的多时域、多尺度及多影响机制等问题开展深入研究。
赵雪雁, 王伟军, 万文玉. 中国居民健康水平的区域差异:2003-2013[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(4): 685-698.
Xueyan ZHAO, Weijun WANG, Wenyu WAN. Regional inequalities of residents' health level in China: 2003-2013[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(4): 685-698.
表1
2003-2013年中国居民健康指数与关键人文因素的相关性
变量 | 2003年 | 2004年 | 2005年 | 2006年 | 2007年 | 2008年 | 2009年 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
人均GDP(PGDP) | -0.508** | -0.486** | -0.422** | -0.453** | -0.441** | -0.437** | -0.405** | -0.425** | -0.448** | -0.418** | -0.413** |
人均公共卫生 支出(WSZC) | -0.000 | -0.078 | -0.190 | -0.140 | -0.309 | -0.218 | -0.427** | -0.498** | -0.452** | -0.457** | -0.454** |
医疗卫生资源可及性(YLCJ) | -0.261 | -0.184 | -0.104 | -0.125 | -0.15 | -0.132 | -0.12 | -0.133 | -0.112 | -0.168 | -0.165 |
城镇化率(CHHL) | -0.489** | -0.437** | -0.493** | -0.537** | -0.535** | -0.541** | -0.522** | -0.512** | -0.524** | -0.550*** | -0.546*** |
环境质量指数(HJZL) | -0.500** | -0.416** | -0.235 | -0.404** | -0.477** | -0.370** | -0.372 | -0.178 | -0.327* | -0.251 | -0.260 |
表2
关键人文因素的SDM参数估计
变量 | 弹性系数 | T值 | P值 | 变量 | 弹性系数 | T值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
lnPGDP | -0.017** | -2.39 | 0.017 | W×lnPGDP | -0.037*** | -2.79 | 0.005 |
lnWSZC | -0.013** | -1.98 | 0.049 | W×lnWSCZ | 0.003 | 0.48 | 0.630 |
lnYLCJ | -0.054 | -1.36 | 0.174 | W×lnYLCJ | 0.029*** | 2.83 | 0.005 |
lnCZHL | -0.129** | -2.32 | 0.021 | W×lnCZHL | 0.093*** | 3.40 | 0.001 |
lnHJZL | -0.012** | -2.08 | 0.035 | W×lnHJZL | -0.081*** | 3.99 | 0.000 |
W×lnJKZS | 0.030*** | 3.51 | 0.001 |
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