地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (4): 646-656.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201704007
杨俊1,2(), 国安东1, 席建超2, 葛全胜2, 李雪铭1
收稿日期:
2016-09-12
修回日期:
2016-12-05
出版日期:
2017-04-20
发布日期:
2017-04-20
作者简介:
作者简介:杨俊(1978-), 男, 湖北孝昌人, 博士后, 副教授, 中国地理学会会员(S110003954M), 主要从事城市化、城市人居环境与地理信息系统应用。E-mail:
基金资助:
Jun YANG1,2(), Andong GUO1, Jianchao XI2, Quansheng GE2, Xueming LI1
Received:
2016-09-12
Revised:
2016-12-05
Published:
2017-04-20
Online:
2017-04-20
Supported by:
摘要:
以大连市中山区2003年、2013年城市三维建筑数据为基础,选取三维景观指标,运用ArcGIS空间分析方法从多个角度来研究城市10年间建筑景观格局时空分异特征。结果表明:① 大连市中山区建筑加权平均高度和体积分别增加7.87 m、277.25×104 m3;地块覆盖率减少了16.27%,容积率增加了20.67%,反映出城市水平和垂直空间分别呈收缩、扩展的态势。② 中山区城市天际线起伏差异明显,东—西方向呈逐渐增高的趋势,南—北方向呈“北部高峰,中部和南部平缓”格局。城市高层建筑主要集中于城市的西北部,且2013年建筑最高点中心裕景比2003年宏进大厦高140 m。③ 建筑覆盖率和容积率在空间分布上差异明显,低和极低覆盖率与容积率地块所占比例大,分别增加了8.3%、-4.33%;高和极高覆盖率与容积率地块所占比例少,且集中分布在青泥洼桥和人民路街道。④ 2003年超高层建筑在空间分布上呈“聚集—离散”状态,即在距离660 m尺度范围内呈聚集状态,大于660 m时呈离散分布,其他三种建筑类型在空间上都呈一定的聚集分布状态;2013年4种不同类型建筑在空间分布上都呈现一定的聚集分布状态,聚集程度为:超高层建筑>低层建筑>多层建筑>高层建筑。
杨俊, 国安东, 席建超, 葛全胜, 李雪铭. 城市三维景观格局时空分异特征研究——以大连市中山区为例[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(4): 646-656.
Jun YANG, Andong GUO, Jianchao XI, Quansheng GE, Xueming LI. Spatial-temporal differentiation of three-dimensional urban landscape pattern: A case study of Zhongshan District in Dalian[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(4): 646-656.
表3
2003年和2013年中山区三维景观指标统计
街道 | 建筑加权平均高度(m) | 建筑体积(104 m3) | 建筑覆盖率(%) | 容积率 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003年 | 2013年 | 2003年 | 2013年 | 2003年 | 2013年 | 2003年 | 2013年 | ||||
青泥洼桥 | 28.20 | 40.14 | 1300.95 | 1637.62 | 33.96 | 29.5 | 3.08 | 3.63 | |||
人民路 | 13.81 | 23.46 | 822.13 | 1134.90 | 28.96 | 23.49 | 1.37 | 1.78 | |||
昆明 | 16.57 | 20.23 | 409.07 | 485.17 | 14.88 | 13.81 | 0.78 | 0.89 | |||
桂林 | 13.01 | 14.80 | 567.92 | 653.67 | 29.27 | 19.36 | 1.01 | 0.94 | |||
葵英街道 | 13.14 | 14.29 | 609.72 | 556.39 | 13.80 | 11.57 | 0.60 | 0.55 | |||
桃源 | 10.79 | 12.67 | 667.15 | 960.11 | 5.63 | 6.90 | 0.20 | 0.30 | |||
老虎滩 | 10.44 | 14.10 | 636.38 | 1056.48 | 3.75 | 4.60 | 0.13 | 0.22 | |||
海军广场 | 13.12 | 19.55 | 884.87 | 1239.44 | 19.58 | 18.40 | 0.86 | 1.19 | |||
东港 | 5.30 | 35.98 | 244.91 | 914.61 | 7.17 | 3.83 | 0.15 | 0.37 | |||
综合统计 | 13.82 | 21.69 | 682.57 | 959.82 | 17.44 | 14.61 | 0.91 | 1.10 |
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