社区环境对入室盗窃和室外盗窃影响的对比分析——以ZG市ZH半岛为例

doi:10.11821/dlxb201702013

地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (2): 341-355.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201702013

• GIS在犯罪地理学的应用 • 上一篇下一篇

社区环境对入室盗窃和室外盗窃影响的对比分析——以ZG市ZH半岛为例

龙冬平¹(), 柳林^1,²(), 冯嘉欣¹, 宋广文¹, 贺智¹, 曹晶晶¹

1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院综合地理信息研究中心,广州 510275
2. 辛辛那提大学地理系,美国辛辛那提 OH45221-0131

收稿日期:2016-06-25 修回日期:2016-12-30 出版日期:2017-02-15 发布日期:2017-02-15
作者简介:
作者简介：龙冬平(1985-), 男, 湖南邵阳人, 博士生, 研究方向为犯罪地理与犯罪分析。E-mail: longdongping2012@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41531178);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(2014A030312010);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(41522104);国家自然科学基金项目(41171140);广东省科技计划项目(2015A020217003)

Comparisons of the community environment effects on burglary and outdoor-theft: A case study of ZH peninsula in ZG city

Dongping LONG¹(), Lin LIU^1,²(), Jiaxin FENG¹, Guangwen SONG¹, Zhi HE¹, Jingjing CAO¹

1. Center of Integrated Geographic Information Analysis, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2. Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, OH45221-0131, USA

Received:2016-06-25 Revised:2016-12-30 Published:2017-02-15 Online:2017-02-15
Supported by:
Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41531178;Research Team Program of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China,No.2014A030312 010;National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars, No.41522104;General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41171140;Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province, China, No.2015A020217003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

社区环境的基本属性是影响城市犯罪的重要因素,而这两类犯罪相似的空间形态受社区环境哪些因素的影响及作用方式如何未探寻及验证。因此,本文结合日常活动理论、CPTED理论、可防卫空间等理论,以中国东南沿海地区ZG市ZH半岛为例,融合多源异构时空数据,利用偏最小二乘法,检验社区尺度下的建成环境和社会环境,对入室盗窃和室外盗窃的影响进行对比分析。研究发现：① ZH半岛内具有一定的规律性特征,即在建成环境背景下,入室盗窃的影响因素相对集中,而室外盗窃的影响因素较为分散;② 社会环境和建成环境对两类犯罪的影响及作用力存在着相对的共性和差异性,其共性主要表现在人口密度（-）、青少年人口比重（+）、公交站点密度（-）以及到主中心的距离（-）对入室盗窃和室外盗窃的发生都有显著的影响,且作用力方向一致;差异性主要体现在道路网络密度（-）、零售商业密度（+）和餐饮住宿密度（+）是影响室外盗窃发生的主要因子,而居民文化程度（-）显著影响入室盗窃的发生。研究结果的引申,可为社区层面的入室盗窃和室外盗窃的联合防控提供一些参考。

关键词: 社区环境, 入室盗窃, 室外盗窃, 分析对比, 偏最小二乘法

Abstract:

Burglary and outdoor-theft are two frequently studied types of crime. Yet no comprehensive comparisons between their spatial distributions and associating factors in Chinese cities are available to this day. Therefore, drawing on routine activities theory, crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and defensible space, utilizing multi-source heterogeneous spatio-temporal data of ZH peninsula, ZG city in southern China, this study aims to examine the effect of the built environment and social environment of neighborhoods on burglary and outdoor-theft, as well as comparative analysis between the two crime types. Results suggest that there are some regularities in ZH peninsula, which means under the background of built environment, the influences of burglary are relatively concentrated, while the influences of outdoor-theft are more dispersed. There exist some relative commonalities and differences in the fact that the social environment and built environment influence and act on burglary and outdoor-theft. On the one hand, the population density, the proportion of juvenile, the density of bus stops and the distance to the city center what show significant impact on the occurrence of burglary and outdoor-theft. What's more, their directions of forces are consistent. On the other hand, the density of road network, the density of retail business, and the density of catering and accommodation are the dominant factor of outdoor-theft. Meanwhile, the education level of residents is the significant factor of burglary. The extension of the results may well provide references for associated prevention and control specific to burglary and outdoor-theft in the communities.

Key words: community environment, burglary, outdoor-theft, comparisons, partial least square method

龙冬平, 柳林, 冯嘉欣, 宋广文, 贺智, 曹晶晶. 社区环境对入室盗窃和室外盗窃影响的对比分析——以ZG市ZH半岛为例[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(2): 341-355.

Dongping LONG, Lin LIU, Jiaxin FENG, Guangwen SONG, Zhi HE, Jingjing CAO. Comparisons of the community environment effects on burglary and outdoor-theft: A case study of ZH peninsula in ZG city[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(2): 341-355.

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变量	变量描述和计算方法(编码)	平均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
入室盗窃犯罪率(件/万人)	各社区入市盗窃的案件数/社区总人口(CR_burg)	23.000	0.0038	0.000	342.000
室外盗窃犯罪率(件/万人)	各社区室外盗窃的案件数/社区总人口(CR_thef)	28.000	0.0036	0.000	219.000
社会环境
人口密度(万人/km²)	各社区总人口/社区总面积(DPL)	4.881	2.641	0.263	14.655
外来人口比重(%)	各社区外来人口总数/各社区总人口(DMP)	0.476	0.220	0.092	1.000
青少年人口比重(%)	各社区青少年人口总数/各社区总人口(DYP)	0.231	0.100	0.127	0.776
居民文化程度(%)	各社区高中文化以上人数/各社区总人口(REL)	0.552	0.167	0.062	0.975
建成环境
道路网络密度(km/km²)	各社区道路总长度/社区总面积(DRN)	17.068	9.214	4.299	67.555
公交站点密度(个/km²)	各社区公交站点个数/社区总面积(DBS)	16.391	16.691	0.000	92.715
零售商业密度(个/km²)	各社区零售商业个数/社区总面积(DCR)	180.372	185.124	5.338	1594.579
娱乐设施密度(个/km²)	各社区娱乐设施个数/社区总面积(DEV)	10.645	13.301	0.000	76.931
餐饮住宿密度(个/km²)	各社区餐饮住宿个数/社区总面积(DHR)	44.550	45.581	0.000	276.951
到主中心的距离(km)	各社区中心到主中心的距离(DCC)	3.746	1.764	0.000	7.247

社区环境对入室盗窃和室外盗窃影响的对比分析——以ZG市ZH半岛为例

Comparisons of the community environment effects on burglary and outdoor-theft: A case study of ZH peninsula in ZG city

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