哈尔滨市城乡结合部不透水面时空变化及驱动力分析

doi:10.11821/dlxb201701009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文选取哈尔滨市城乡结合部为研究区,以1984年、1993年、2002年和2010年的TM影像数据为数据源,利用混合像元分解方法提取了哈尔滨市城乡结合部的不透水面信息。分析了不透水面的时空变化特征。选取坡度、坡向、DEM、距河流距离、距高速公路距离、距铁路距离、距主要路距离和距1984年城区距离8个因子,利用增强回归树法进一步分析了1984-2010年哈尔滨市城乡结合部不透水面扩张的主要影响因素。结果表明：1984年哈尔滨市城乡结合部不透水面所占比例为3.9%、1993年为6.6%、2002年为9.0%、2010年为16.52%。高速公路、铁路、主要路等交通要素带动周边地区的发展,从而导致道路沿线城市扩张速度较快。

关键词: 城乡结合部, 不透水面, 驱动力, 时空变化, 哈尔滨市

Abstract:

Due to its rapid economic development in recent years, China is becoming ever more urbanized. With this background of urbanization, land use and land cover change are complex in urban-rural continuum where the land is characterized by both town and country usages. The urban-rural continuum of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province was chosen as the study area. Impervious surface from the Harbin urban-rural continuum was extracted by a linear spectral mixture analysis method based on the Landsat TM image acquired in the years of 1984, 1993, 2002 and 2010. The temporal and spatial variations of the urban impervious surface were examined. A boosted regression tree was employed to identify the most important factor that has been affecting the expansion of the impervious surface since 1984 from among eight factors, i.e. slope, aspect, DEM, distance to river, distance to expressway, distance to railway, distance to main road, and distance to the central city in 1984. The results indicate that the proportion of impervious surfaces in the Harbin rural-urban continuum was 3.9% in 1984, 6.6% in 1993, 9.0% in 2002, and 16.52% in 2010. The distribution patterns of impervious surface coverage from 1984 to 2010 showed obvious spatial variations. Traffic factors, including expressways, railways, and main roads, have been propelling the development of surrounding area, and inducing the rapid expansion of cities along the roads.

Key words: rural-urban continuum, impervious surface, driving force, temporal and spatial variation, Harbin City

李苗, 臧淑英, 吴长山, 田旸. 哈尔滨市城乡结合部不透水面时空变化及驱动力分析[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1): 105-115.

Miao LI, Shuying ZANG, Changshan WU, Yang TIAN. Spatial and temporal variation and its driving forces of urban impervious surface in urban-rural continuum of Harbin[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1): 105-115.

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年份	单一土地动态度(%)
年份	0~30	30~70	70~100
1984-1993年	0.004	0.157	0.008
1993-2002年	0.188	0.106	0.928
2002-2010年	0.243	0.058	0.666