地理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (1): 53-63.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201701005
陶泽兴1,2,3(), 仲舒颖1, 葛全胜1, 戴君虎1, 徐韵佳1,2, 王焕炯1(
)
收稿日期:
2016-07-29
修回日期:
2016-11-08
出版日期:
2017-01-20
发布日期:
2017-03-23
作者简介:
作者简介:陶泽兴(1989-), 男, 湖北十堰人, 博士生, 主要从事植被地理和物候学研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Zexing TAO1,2,3(), Shuying ZHONG1, Quansheng GE1, Junhu DAI1, Yunjia XU1,2, Huanjiong WANG1(
)
Received:
2016-07-29
Revised:
2016-11-08
Online:
2017-01-20
Published:
2017-03-23
Supported by:
摘要:
花期物候变化研究对赏花活动安排、园林景观布置和致敏花粉防治等具有重要意义。现有研究对始花期与盛花期的变化趋势已有较为深刻的认识,但很少有研究辨识了花期长度的时空变化。本文基于“中国物候观测网”观测数据,统计了1963-2012年中国42个站点23种广布木本植物的花期长度变化趋势,分析了花期长度变化的时空格局、种间差异和变化形式。主要结论为:所有的259条花期长度时间序列中,61.39%的序列呈延长趋势,其中显著延长的占21.24%(P<0.05)。灌木花期的延长趋势比乔木更加显著。东北地区南部、华中和华东地区的多数站点花期长度主要呈缩短趋势。在东北地区北部、华北、西南和华南地区,大多数物种的花期长度呈延长趋势。花期长度变化趋势在20°N~22°N间最大(0.94 d/a)。西部地区(87°E~112°E)的花期长度变化趋势(平均0.28 d/a)高于东部地区(平均0.05 d/a)。花期长度的总体变化可分为3个阶段:1963-1980年(偏短)、1981-1997年(与多年平均值接近)和2001-2012年(偏长),但不同物种的花期长度变化存在显著差异。在花期长度延长的序列中,43.39%是因开花始期提前程度大于开花末期;在花期长度缩短的序列中,62.00%是因开花始期提前程度小于开花末期。
陶泽兴, 仲舒颖, 葛全胜, 戴君虎, 徐韵佳, 王焕炯. 1963-2012年中国主要木本植物花期长度时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1): 53-63.
Zexing TAO, Shuying ZHONG, Quansheng GE, Junhu DAI, Yunjia XU, Huanjiong WANG. Spatiotemporal variations in flowering duration of woody plants in China from 1963 to 2012[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1): 53-63.
表1
研究采用的物种概况"
编号 | 物种名 | 拉丁名 | 生活型 | 分布站点数 | 平均开花始期 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 玉兰 | Magnolia denudata | 乔木 | 10 | 72 |
2 | 桃 | Amygdalus persica | 乔木 | 15 | 84 |
3 | 榆树 | Ulmus pumila | 乔木 | 15 | 84 |
4 | 垂柳 | Salix babylonica | 乔木 | 15 | 86 |
5 | 加拿大杨 | Populus canadensis | 乔木 | 9 | 90 |
6 | 泡桐 | Paulownia fortunei | 乔木 | 11 | 96 |
7 | 构树 | Broussonetia papyifera | 乔木 | 11 | 99 |
8 | 杏 | Armeniaca vulgaris | 乔木 | 10 | 105 |
9 | 旱柳 | Salix matsudana | 乔木 | 8 | 111 |
10 | 二球悬铃木 | Platanus acerifolia | 乔木 | 8 | 112 |
11 | 楝 | Melia azedarach | 乔木 | 15 | 116 |
12 | 刺槐 | Robinia pseudoacacia | 乔木 | 18 | 121 |
13 | 合欢 | Albizia julibrissin | 乔木 | 10 | 154 |
14 | 女贞 | Ligustrum lucidum | 乔木 | 10 | 161 |
15 | 梧桐 | Firmiana simples | 乔木 | 11 | 166 |
16 | 枣 | Ziziphus jujuba | 乔木 | 10 | 177 |
17 | 槐树 | Sophora japonica | 乔木 | 8 | 196 |
18 | 紫荆 | Cercis chinensis | 灌木 | 13 | 106 |
19 | 桑 | Morus alba | 灌木 | 9 | 109 |
20 | 紫丁香 | Syringa oblata | 灌木 | 13 | 112 |
21 | 紫薇 | Lagerstroemia indica | 灌木 | 11 | 180 |
22 | 木槿 | Hibiscus syriacus | 灌木 | 9 | 183 |
23 | 紫藤 | Wisteria sinensis | 藤本 | 10 | 103 |
表3
不同生活型植物花期长度变化形式"
花期变化 类型 | 变化形式 | 全部植物 | 乔木 | 灌木 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
序列数(个) | 百分比(%) | 序列数(个) | 百分比(%) | 序列数(个) | 百分比(%) | ||||
延长 | FFD提前>EFD提前 | 69 | 26.64 | 49 | 25.13 | 16 | 29.09 | ||
FFD提前,EFD推迟 | 50 | 19.31 | 34 | 17.44 | 15 | 27.27 | |||
FFD推迟<EFD推迟 | 40 | 15.44 | 33 | 16.92 | 5 | 9.09 | |||
缩短 | FFD提前<EFD提前 | 62 | 23.94 | 49 | 25.13 | 12 | 21.82 | ||
FFD推迟,EFD提前 | 21 | 8.11 | 16 | 8.21 | 4 | 7.27 | |||
FFD推迟>EFD推迟 | 17 | 6.56 | 14 | 7.18 | 3 | 5.45 |
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