阳朔“西街现象”的形成机理分析——旅游地发展中的游客理性消费与政府“无为而治”

doi:10.11821/dlxb201612010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

阳朔县作为中国最早对外开放旅游的县之一,其演化历程具有独特性和典型性。在旅游参与期曾出现过一段主客关系和谐、商业秩序与休闲氛围俱佳的“西街现象”,引起媒体和业界的广泛关注,尚缺乏学术层面的解读。本文采用实证归纳的案例研究方法,借鉴旅游治理和目的地发展的相关理论,分析了“西街现象”的形成过程与内在机理,得出以下结论和启示：在旅游发展初期,信息完全的理性旅游消费者的到来,有助于规范目的地的商业经营环境。市场与社区自下而上互动协商达成共识的秩序,促成激励诚信经营的非正式制度嵌入于人际网络和旅游交易的场域之中,政府顺应市场规律即能实现“无为而治”的良性发展状态。本文通过归纳以有预算的理性游客作为市场推动力所触发的旅游地的发展特点,部分回应消费转型背景下旅游市场理性回归后的可能影响。对现实的启发是,适当控制旅游发展的速度和规模,给予本地人成长的时间和空间,教育游客与提升政府监管力度双管齐下,建立规则在先,更利于目的地实现可持续性的发展。

关键词: 目的地发展, 无为而治, 西街现象, 阳朔

Abstract:

Yangshuo is one of the counties in China that were opened to tourists in the early period; its evolutionary process can be seen as unique and typical. In the primary period, there was a "West Street Phenomenon" with harmonious host-guest relationships, good commercial order and leisure atmosphere, which had drawn wide attention from media and industry, which was yet given little interpretation by the academia. This paper draws on theories of tourism governance and destination development, by conducting empirical induction and case study, aiming to explore why the "West Street Phenomenon" formed and existed. Main research results and implications are as follows: In the initial stage of tourism development, the rational tourists with complete information helped to regulate Yangshuo's business situation. A bottom-top mutual negotiation between the market and the community existed and helped to maintain a consensus order, resulting in an informal "institution" with honest business atmosphere that was embedded into the local field of social network and tourism trade. The local government could then follow the market rules and realize effective governance without interference. In conclusion, this thesis has investigated the issue of tourism governance within the context of destination evolution, which mainly focuses on the initial stage of destination development. By summarizing the development characteristics of the destination that was triggered by tourists who consume rationally and are constrained by a budget, the research partly indicates the possible impact of the rational return of tourism market in the context of consumption transition. The inspiration for practice is obvious. In order to achieve a sustainable development of the destination, an appropriate control over the speed and the scale of tourism development is beneficial. In doing so, this can leave time and space for local people and even the government to cultivate abilities and power to deal with the complexity of tourism governance. Futhermore, educating tourists and promoting government's supervision to establish rules first can contribute to the sustainable development of tourism destination.

Key words: destination development, self-governance, "West Street Phenomenon", Yangshuo

杨昀, 保继刚. 阳朔“西街现象”的形成机理分析——旅游地发展中的游客理性消费与政府“无为而治”[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(12): 2199-2211.

Yun YANG, Jigang BAO. The formation of the "West Street Phenomenon" in Yangshuo：Tourists' rational consumption and the government'snon-interfering governance in guiding the tourismdevelopment at destination[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(12): 2199-2211.

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