地理学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (7): 1231-1240.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201607011
收稿日期:
2015-08-03
修回日期:
2015-12-08
出版日期:
2016-07-25
发布日期:
2016-07-25
作者简介:
作者简介:侯光良(1972-), 男, 教授, 中国地理学会会员(S110007894M), 主要从事环境演变与人类活动研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Guangliang HOU1(), Guangchao CAO1, Chongyi E1, Xiaoyan REN2, B Wuennemann3, Fan LI1
Received:
2015-08-03
Revised:
2015-12-08
Published:
2016-07-25
Online:
2016-07-25
Supported by:
摘要:
青藏高原早期人类活动对于研究人类对极端环境响应与适应至关重要,4000 m海拔区域是人类向高原腹地迁移与扩散的关键。下大武1号遗址(XDW1)发现了11290±69 cal. a BP人类活动遗留的灰烬层,及其年代主要集中在11.2 cal. ka BP的细石叶、石片等石制品,是目前青藏高原4000 m海拔区域发现的最早的人类活动证据之一,说明在全新世伊始,人类就已经登上了海拔4000 m的青藏高原主体。据此推测人类在高原东北部扩张的时空演变过程,末次冰消期人类在海拔3000~4000 m高原东北缘青海湖盆地、共和盆地等区域活动,全新世初期扩张至4000 m海拔高原主体,全新世大暖期向高原腹地深入;上述3个人类活动阶段与末次冰消期环境的改善、全新世伊始的气候迅速转暖和全新世暖期盛期的到来等重大气候变化阶段密切相关。
侯光良, 曹广超, 鄂崇毅, 任晓燕, 李凡. 青藏高原海拔4000 m区域人类活动的新证据[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(7): 1231-1240.
Guangliang HOU, Guangchao CAO, Chongyi E, Xiaoyan REN, B Wuennemann, Fan LI. New evidence of human activities at an altitude of 4000 meters area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(7): 1231-1240.
表2
XDW1剖面的石制品
石器数量(件) | 典型石器 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
层位(cm) | 细石叶 | 石片 | 刮削器 | 其他 | 总计 | 编号 | 描述 |
20~30 | 1 | 6 | 7 | XDW1-a | 细石叶,长29 mm,宽6 mm,硅质灰岩,横断面为等腰三角形,一面为劈裂面,另一面中部有凸脊,刃部有使用痕迹,尖尾端内卷 | ||
XDW1-b | 石片,长30 mm,宽15 mm,硅质灰岩 | ||||||
30~40 | 7 | 1 | 8 | XDW1-d | 石片,长20 mm,宽9 mm,最厚处6 mm,燧石,一侧双面加工,形成多个锋利的刃脊,顶部刃有使用疤痕,底部横截面为三角形断面 | ||
40~50 | 7 | 7 | |||||
50~60 | 2 | 7 | 25 | 34 | XDW1-c | 细石叶断片,长8 mm,宽6 mm,硅质灰岩,横断面呈三角形,刃部有使用痕迹 | |
60~70 | 7 | 1 | 21 | 29 | XW1-e | 石片,呈薄片状,长23 mm,宽20 mm,最厚处4 mm,硅质灰岩 | |
70~80 | 5 | 2 | 7 | XW1-f | 刮削器,薄片状,长17 mm,宽13 mm,厚2 mm,燧石,两刃部锋利 | ||
XW1-g | 石片,长23 mm,宽12 mm,燧石 | ||||||
80~90 | 3 | 3 | |||||
90~100 | 1 | 1 |
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