地理学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (6): 928-939.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201606003
收稿日期:
2015-04-23
修回日期:
2016-02-17
出版日期:
2016-06-30
发布日期:
2016-06-30
作者简介:
作者简介:许泽宁(1990-), 男, 博士, 主要从事城市地理, 流动人口与城镇化研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2015-04-23
Revised:
2016-02-17
Published:
2016-06-30
Online:
2016-06-30
Supported by:
摘要:
城市建成区边界是认识和研究城市的重要基础性信息,也是落实城市功能空间布局、实施界限管控的前提。但是,以往通过夜间灯光的强度、土地覆被或建筑覆盖率等信息获取城市空间范围的方法,由于受到数据精度和尺度限制,对城市社会经济活动的解释性不强,因而存在较大局限性。电子地图兴趣点(POI)作为城市空间分析的基础数据之一,直观且有效地反映了各类城市要素的集聚状况。本文基于POI与城市空间结构和城市要素空间分布的关联性,提出了一种新的通过POI密度分布来判别城市建成区边界的技术方法。为此,开发了Densi-Graph分析方法,用来分析POI密度等值线的变化趋势,在此基础上对城乡过渡地带的阈值识别的方法进行了理论分析,并讨论了单中心圆结构、双中心“鱼眼型”结构、双中心“子母型”结构等各类城市POI密度等值线的生长规律,证明了Densi-Graph分析方法的适用性。较之以往的城市建成区边界识别方法,这种方法的基础数据更加直观可信,分析结果也更加客观。运用这种方法,本文对全国地级以上城市的建成区边界进行了实证分析,探索了城市建成区边界的阈值及其与城市人口规模、城市所在区域之间的关系。
许泽宁, 高晓路. 基于电子地图兴趣点的城市建成区边界识别方法[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(6): 928-939.
Zening XU, Xiaolu GAO. A novel method for identifying the boundary of urban built-up areas with POI data[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(6): 928-939.
表1
2008年全国百度地图各类型POI的比例分配
行政机构 | 交通站点 | 银行 | 商业大厦 | 零售行业 | 宾馆酒店 | 餐饮娱乐 | 医院 | 学校科研院所 | 公司企业 | 公园广场 | 住宅小区 | 综合信息 | 总计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总体比例(%) | 9.0 | 10.6 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 21.4 | 2.8 | 15.0 | 3.3 | 5.4 | 12.8 | 0.2 | 3.1 | 10.1 | 100 |
市辖区和县级市(%) | 53.3 | 80.8 | 72.8 | 90.1 | 77.7 | 73.1 | 82.2 | 72.1 | 66.6 | 82.6 | 79.2 | 87.4 | 71.4 | 75.5 |
其他县乡(%) | 46.7 | 19.2 | 27.2 | 9.9 | 22.3 | 26.9 | 17.8 | 27.9 | 33.4 | 17.4 | 20.8 | 12.6 | 28.6 | 24.5 |
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