地理学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (1): 75-85.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201601006
邓晓军1,2, 许有鹏1, 韩龙飞1, 李广1, 王跃峰1, 项捷1, 徐光来1,3
收稿日期:
2015-11-16
修回日期:
2015-12-16
出版日期:
2016-01-31
发布日期:
2016-01-15
作者简介:
作者简介:邓晓军(1981-), 男, 江西吉安人, 博士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为流域水资源与水环境.E-mail:
基金资助:
DENG Xiaojun1,2, XU Youpeng1, HAN Longfei1, LI Guang1, WANG Yuefeng1, XIANG Jie1, XU Guanglai1,3
Received:
2015-11-16
Revised:
2015-12-16
Published:
2016-01-31
Online:
2016-01-15
Supported by:
摘要:
基于1960s,1980s和2010s的三期水系数据,通过构建定量描述河流水系变化特征的指标体系,对嘉兴市河流水系的时空变化特征及其与城市化的关系进行研究.结果表明:① 近50年来,嘉兴市的河流水系呈现出剧烈衰减的趋势,其中河流发育系数,河网密度和水面率分别减少了58.91%,28.49%和14.09%,但在城市化不同阶段,河流水系衰减的程度并不完全一致.② 在整个城市化进程中,河流发育系数和干流面积长度比变化的空间差异非常大,河网密度和水面率变化的空间差异相对较大,而盒维数和河流曲度变化的空间差异相对较小.③ 河流发育系数,盒维数和河网密度的衰减趋势为城区>近郊>远郊,水面率的衰减趋势为远郊>近郊>城区,河流曲度的衰减趋势为近郊>城区>远郊,但干流面积长度比的空间变化趋势不明显.④ 城市化对河流水系变化的影响十分显著,且城市化水平越高的地区河流水系的变化越剧烈,而城市化对干流面积长度比与河流曲度的影响大于其对河流发育系数与河网密度的影响.
邓晓军, 许有鹏, 韩龙飞, 李广, 王跃峰, 项捷, 徐光来. 城市化背景下嘉兴市河流水系的时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(1): 75-85.
DENG Xiaojun,XU Youpeng,HAN Longfei,LI Guang,WANG Yuefeng,XIANG Jie,XU Guanglai. Spatial-temporal changes of river systems in Jiaxing under the background of urbanization[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(1): 75-85.
表2
1960s-2010s嘉兴市河流水系的总体变化
水系指标 | 1960s | 1980s | 2010s | 变化率(%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960s-1980s | 1980s-2010s | 1960s-2010s | ||||
Dr (km/km2) | 4.41 | 3.64 | 3.15 | -17.48 | -13.34 | -28.49 |
Wp(%) | 8.59 | 7.64 | 7.38 | -10.96 | -3.51 | -14.09 |
Kω | 5.8 | 4.11 | 2.39 | -29.17 | -41.98 | -58.91 |
Sr | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.08 | -3.80 | -0.29 | -4.08 |
Rm (km2/km) | 40.56 | 40.02 | 38.62 | -1.32 | -3.50 | -4.78 |
D0 | 1.61 | 1.55 | 1.47 | -3.73 | -5.33 | -8.86 |
表3
嘉兴市不同城市化地区河流水系的变化类型分布
城区 | Dr(%) | Wp(%) | Kω(%) | Sr(%) | Rm(%) | D0(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
逐渐减少 | 81.25 | 37.5 | 93.75 | 56.25 | 25 | 93.75 |
先减后增总体减少 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 0 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 0 |
先增后减总体减少 | 0 | 18.75 | 6.25 | 25 | 12.5 | 6.25 |
逐渐增加 | 0 | 6.25 | 0 | 6.25 | 31.25 | 0 |
先减后增总体增加 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 6.25 | 12.5 | 0 |
先增后减总体增加 | 6.25 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 |
近郊 | Dr(%) | Wp(%) | Kω(%) | Sr(%) | Rm(%) | D0(%) |
逐渐减少 | 80.65 | 35.48 | 74.19 | 58.06 | 9.68 | 74.19 |
先减后增总体减少 | 3.23 | 35.48 | 12.90 | 29.03 | 9.68 | 0 |
先增后减总体减少 | 6.45 | 22.58 | 9.68 | 6.45 | 35.48 | 16.13 |
逐渐增加 | 6.45 | 3.23 | 3.23 | 0 | 9.68 | 3.23 |
先减后增总体增加 | 3.23 | 3.23 | 0 | 3.23 | 3.23 | 0 |
先增后减总体增加 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.23 | 32.26 | 6.45 |
远郊 | Dr(%) | Wp(%) | Kω(%) | Sr(%) | Rm(%) | D0(%) |
逐渐减少 | 48 | 48 | 60 | 32 | 12 | 68 |
先减后增总体减少 | 24 | 36 | 20 | 36 | 16 | 4 |
先增后减总体减少 | 4 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 24 |
逐渐增加 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 16 | 0 |
先减后增总体增加 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 0 |
先增后减总体增加 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 28 | 4 |
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