地理学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (9): 1516-1525.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201509013
王乃瑞(), 韩志勇(
), 李徐生, 陈刚, 王先彦, 鹿化煜
收稿日期:
2015-06-24
修回日期:
2015-07-16
出版日期:
2015-09-20
发布日期:
2015-09-20
作者简介:
作者简介:王乃瑞(1991-), 男, 山东济宁人, 硕士, 主要从事构造地貌研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Nairui WANG(), Zhiyong HAN(
), Xusheng LI, Gang CHEN, Xianyan WANG, Huayu LU
Received:
2015-06-24
Revised:
2015-07-16
Published:
2015-09-20
Online:
2015-09-20
Supported by:
摘要:
庐山是位于江南造山带北缘的断块山,其抬升过程对于认识本区的构造演化至关重要。利用河流纵剖面的形态参数可以定量估算相对的构造抬升速率。基于5 m分辨率的DEM提取了庐山9条主要河流的纵剖面,依据坡度—面积图确定了裂点类型,结合地质图判别出裂点成因,并利用河流水力侵蚀模型计算了稳定态河段的陡峭指数以及凹曲度。结果显示,庐山的河流基本呈过渡态,以发育数量不等的裂点为标志;垂阶型裂点的形成主要与岩石强度不均一有关,而坡断型裂点是侵蚀基准面下降产生的。坡断型裂点以下的基岩河段具有较大的陡峭指数,表明庐山经历了从早期低抬升速率到晚期高抬升速率的转变。庐山受快速抬升影响的河段,陡峭指数具有南高北低的特点,主要是由于庐山整体抬升过程中南部、北部的抬升速率存在一定差异,亦可能是岩性不同造成的。
王乃瑞, 韩志勇, 李徐生, 陈刚, 王先彦, 鹿化煜. 河流纵剖面陡峭指数对庐山构造抬升的指示[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(9): 1516-1525.
Nairui WANG, Zhiyong HAN, Xusheng LI, Gang CHEN, Xianyan WANG, Huayu LU. Tectonic uplift of Mt. Lushan indicated by the steepness indices of the river longitudinal profiles[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(9): 1516-1525.
表1
庐山稳定态河段的形态参数
流域编号 | 流域名称 | 河流长度(km) | 流域面积(km2) | 拟合河段 | ksn(m0.9) | 凹曲度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | 庐山垄 | 14 | 38 | S1 | 27 | 0.42 |
S2 | 168 | 0.55 | ||||
R2 | 青玉峡 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - |
R3 | 三峡涧 | 12 | 42 | S1 | 9 | 0.37 |
S2 | 169 | 0.51 | ||||
R4 | 七里冲 | 11 | 19 | - | - | - |
R5 | 白沙河 | 10 | 29 | S1 | 9 | 0.20 |
S2 | 117 | 0.24 | ||||
R6 | 定慧寺 | 9 | 20 | S1 | 93 | 0.19 |
R7 | 剪刀峡 | 10 | 14 | S1 | 15 | 0.49 |
S2 | 143 | 0.42 | ||||
R8 | 石门涧 | 13 | 30 | - | - | - |
R9 | 黄龙庵 | 8 | 13 | - | - | - |
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