地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (4): 650-663.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201504012

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芦山地震灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价

汤青1,2(), 徐勇1,2(), 董晓辉3, 李扬4, 刘艳华5, 孙晓一1,2,6   

  1. 1. 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    3. 山东农业工程学院国土资源与测绘工程系,济南 250100
    4. 中国科学院中国现代化研究中心,北京 100190
    5. 浙江财经大学经济与国际贸易学院,杭州 310018
    6. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-21 修回日期:2014-12-05 出版日期:2015-04-20 发布日期:2015-04-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：汤青(1984-), 男, 湖南益阳人, 博士, 助理研究员, 中国地理学会会员(S110010028M), 主要从事区域可持续发展与土地利用研究。E-mail: tangq@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41301121, 41430636, 41171449);中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-06-01);中国科学院科技服务网络计划STS项目(KFJ-EW-STS-003)

Appraisal of land resources security in the post-earthquake reconstruction area of Lushan earthquake

Qing TANG1,2(), Yong XU1,2(), Xiaohui DONG3, Yang LI4, Yanhua LIU5, Xiaoyi SUN1,2,6   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    3. Department of Land Resources and Geomatics Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China
    4. China Center for Modernization Research, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
    5. School of Economics and International Trade, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
    6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2014-05-21 Revised:2014-12-05 Published:2015-04-20 Online:2015-04-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41301121, No.41430636, No.41171449;Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZZD-EW-06-01;Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KFJ-EW-STS-003

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摘要：

地震灾后恢复重建的土地资源安全评价是资源环境承载能力评价的基础性工作之一,为灾后恢复重建工作的开展提供科学依据。针对灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价的特殊性,本文以芦山地震灾后重建地区为例,综合考虑地质条件与灾害危险性、水土资源条件、生态环境等3大类要素及8个评价因子,构建了芦山地震灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价模型,并利用GIS空间分析方法对栅格单元和行政单元的土地资源安全进行了评价和分级。结果表明：属于安全类的土地面积为2409.30 km2,占灾区土地总面积的5.63%,主要分布于灾区东部的山前平原区,这类区域应该被视为灾后重建选址的首选区域,较安全类可以作为安全类区域的补充选择,而一般安全类在作为灾后重建选址的备选区域时应做好充分的防护措施;灾区21县中仅有6个县的土地资源安全指数大于0.60,它们均位于灾区东部的山前平原区;在属于极重灾区和重灾区的6县中,只有名山区具有较高的土地资源安全指数（0.76）,可重建土地面积为468.33 km2,且其人均可重建土地面积也相对较高,应作为极重灾区和重灾区灾后异地重建进行大规模人口集聚、城市建设和产业发展的首选区域。本研究提出的评价模型适应于具有同类地质灾害的研究区域,也可以为具有相似地质、地形和资源环境条件的区域开展研究提供参考。

关键词: 土地资源安全, 灾后重建, 地理信息系统, 资源环境承载能力, 芦山地震

Abstract:

The land resources security appraisal of the post-earthquake reconstruction area is one of the fundamental tasks for resource-environment carrying capacity assessment. It could provide scientific reference for post-earthquake reconstruction. This paper takes Lushan earthquake as a case and identifies 3 factor groups including geological conditions and disaster risks, water and land resources conditions, and eco-environment as well as 8 factors. The appraisal model of land resources security in Lushan post-earthquake reconstruction area is constructed, and the land resources security at grid and administrative scales is analyzed with the aid of GIS spatial analysis technique. The results show that: the area of high safe class amounts to 2409.30 km2, accounting for 5.63% of the total land area, and it is mainly distributed on the eastern piedmont plains, which should be regarded as the first choice for reconstruction site selection; the middle safe class could be the supplementary choice of high safe class, and the low safe class needs to be selected for reconstruction with concrete protection measures; only 6 out of 21 counties in the stricken area have the land resource security index above 0.60, and all of them are located on the eastern piedmont plains; in the 6 hard-hit counties, only Mingshan has relatively high land resource security index (0.76), with 468.33 km2 available land for reconstruction and relatively high available land for reconstruction per capita; Mingshan should be regarded as the preferred region for large-scale population aggregation, urbanization and industrialization development for the relocation settlements of hard-hit areas. The appraisal model developed in this study is applicable to the regions with similar geological disasters, and it could also provide reference for the studies on the regions with similar geological, topographic, resources, and environmental conditions.

Key words: land resources security, post-earthquake reconstruction, geographical information system, resource-environment carrying capacity, Lushan earthquake