2013年北京市PM2.5的时空分布

doi:10.11821/dlxb201501009

地理学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (1): 110-120.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201501009

2013年北京市PM_2.5的时空分布

王占山¹(), 李云婷¹, 陈添², 张大伟¹(), 孙峰¹, 潘丽波³

1. 北京市环境保护监测中心,北京 100048
2. 北京市环境保护局,北京 100044
3. 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012

收稿日期:2014-08-20 修回日期:2014-10-15 出版日期:2015-01-20 发布日期:2015-01-20
作者简介:
作者简介：王占山(1987-), 山东潍坊人, 硕士, 工程师,主要从事大气环境模拟与空气质量预报预警研究。E-mail: 18701650609@163.com
基金资助:
北京市科技计划课题(Z131100006113009);环保公益性行业科研专项(201409005);国家科技支撑计划课题 (2014BAC23B03)

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013

Zhanshan WANG¹(), Yunting LI¹, Tian CHEN², Dawei ZHANG¹(), Feng SUN¹, Libo PAN³

1. Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048, China
2. Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing 100044, China
3. State Key Lab of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Received:2014-08-20 Revised:2014-10-15 Published:2015-01-20 Online:2015-01-20
Supported by:
The Science and Technology Commission of the Beijing Municipality Fund Project, No.Z131100006113009;The Commonwealth Project of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.201409005;The National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2014BAC23B03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对2013年北京市35个自动空气质量监测子站的PM_2.5数据进行分析,探讨PM_2.5的时间分布特征、空间分布特征以及与前体物和大气氧化性的相关性关系。结果表明,PM_2.5浓度由高到低的季节依次是冬季、春季、秋季和夏季,平均浓度分别为122.8 μg·m^-3、85.1 μg·m^-3、84.9 μg·m^-3和79.1 μg·m^-3;各类监测站中浓度由高到低的依次是交通站、城区站、郊区站和区域站,平均浓度分别为102.2 μg·m^-3、91.8 μg·m^-3、89.1 μg·m^-3和88.7 μg·m^-3。PM_2.5月均浓度呈波浪型分布,在1月份、3月份、6月份和10月份各出现一个峰值。全年来看,交通站PM_2.5的日变化规律呈单峰型分布,其他站点呈双峰型分布。分地区来看,年均PM_2.5浓度由高到低的依次是东南部、西南部、城六区、东北部和西北部。PM_2.5浓度与NO₂、SO₂和OX浓度均为显著正相关,表明前体物和大气氧化性对PM_2.5浓度有显著影响。

关键词: 北京, PM2.5, 时间分布, 空间分布, 前体物, 大气氧化性

Abstract:

Data of PM_2.5 from 35 automatic air quality monitoring stations of Beijing in 2013 were analyzed to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics of PM_2.5 and the correlation between PM_2.5 and its precursors and atmospheric oxidation. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM_2.5 in different seasons decreased in the order of winter, spring, autumn and summer, which were 122.8 μg·m^-3, 85.1 μg·m^-3, 84.9 μg·m^-3 and 79.1 μg·m^-3, respectively. The average concentrations of PM_2.5 at different stations decreased in the order of traffic station, urban station, suburban station and regional station, which were 102.2 μg·m^-3, 91.8 μg·m^-3, 89.1 μg·m^-3 and 88.7 μg·m^-3, respectively. Monthly average concentrations of PM_2.5 showed a wavy-shaped curve, the peaks of which appeared in January, March, June and October, respectively. For the whole year, diurnal variation of PM_2.5 at traffic station showed a single-peak curve, while other stations showed bimodal curves. Annual average concentrations of PM_2.5 in different regions decreased in the order of southeast, southwest, center (six districts), northeast and northwest. Concentrations of PM_2.5 were significantly positively correlated with those of NO₂, SO₂ and OX, which indicated that precursors and atmospheric oxidation had a significant impact on the concentration of PM_2.5.

Key words: Beijing, PM2.5, temporal characteristics, spatial characteristics, precursors, atmospheric oxidation

王占山, 李云婷, 陈添, 张大伟, 孙峰, 潘丽波. 2013年北京市PM_2.5的时空分布[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(1): 110-120.

Zhanshan WANG, Yunting LI, Tian CHEN, Dawei ZHANG, Feng SUN, Libo PAN. Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(1): 110-120.

图/表 8

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时间	年份	平均浓度/μg·m^-3	文献
年均	2013	89.5	本研究
	2000	129	杨复沫等^[22]
	2005	71.1	陈媛等^[30]
	2009-2010	92.6	Liu等^[31]
春季	2013	85.1	本研究
	2001	62.1	Zhang等^[32]
	2003	111	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	165	Yu等^[33]
	2010	88.6	Liu等^[31]
	2013	86.9	赵晨曦等^[34]
夏季	2013	79.1	本研究
	2003	131.6	Cao等^[35]
	2003	71	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	69.4	Yu等^[33]
	2008	68.9	刘辉等^[36]
	2009	73.8	Liu等^[31]
秋季	2013	84.9	本研究
	2003	110	徐敬等^[26]
	2006	52	Yu等^[33]
	2009	103.9	Liu等^[31]
冬季	2013	122.8	本研究
	2003	115.6	Cao等^[35]
	2003	108	徐敬等^[26]
	2008	94.2	Deng等^[37]
	2009	106.6	Liu等^[31]
	2012	122.9	赵晨曦等^[34]

站点功能	污染物	NO₂	SO₂	O₃	PM_2.5	OX
交通站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.46	1.00
	O₃	-0.38	-0.15	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.71	0.57	-0.29	1.00
	OX	0.62	0.29	0.39	0.46	1.00
区域站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.70	1.00
	O₃	-0.52	-0.18	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.74	0.61	-0.25	1.00
	OX	0.14	0.35	0.67	0.32	1.00
郊区站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.63	1.00
	O₃	-0.57	-0.26	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.73	0.56	-0.27	1.00
	OX	0.16	0.25	0.63	0.34	1.00
城区站	NO₂	1.00
	SO₂	0.61	1.00
	O₃	-0.57	-0.21	1.00
	PM_2.5	0.74	0.59	-0.30	1.00
	OX	0.26	0.34	0.54	0.41	1.00

2013年北京市PM_2.5的时空分布

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013

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2013年北京市PM2.5的时空分布

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2013

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2013年北京市PM_2.5的时空分布

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM_2.5 in Beijing in 2013