地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (12): 1810-1820.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201412007

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多中心化下的城市商业中心空间吸引衰减率验证——深圳市浮动车GPS时空数据挖掘

周素红1,2(), 郝新华1,2, 柳林1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院, 综合地理信息研究中心, 广州 510275
    2. 广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室, 广州 510275
    3. Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati USA OH 45221-0131
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-01 修回日期:2014-06-01 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-12-25
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：周素红 (1976-), 女, 广东省饶平县人, 博士, 教授, 中国地理学会会员 (S110002640M), 主要研究方向为城市空间结构、时空间行为、城市交通等。E-mail: eeszsh@mail.sysu.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家863项目 (2013AA122302);国家自然科学基金项目 (41271166)

Validation of spatial decay law caused by urban commercial center's mutual attraction in polycentric city: Spatio-temporal data mining of floating cars' GPS data in Shenzhen

Suhong ZHOU1,2(), Xinhua HAO1,2, Lin LIU1,2,3   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Planning, Center of Integrated Geographic Information Anlaysis, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Guangzhou 510275, China
    3. Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0131, USA
  • Received:2013-11-01 Revised:2014-06-01 Published:2014-12-25 Online:2014-12-25
  • Supported by:
    National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China, No.2013AA122302;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41271166, No.41171140

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摘要：

城市与区域多中心化已经成为全球性的现象,作为快速城市化地区,城市新中心建设和多中心现象在中国尤为普遍。把握城市中心发展客观规律,探讨多中心的相互作用关系,将有助于补充传统基于单中心假设的城市空间结构相关理论和模型的研究,同时,对指导城市商业中心选址和城市空间结构规划具有良好的现实意义。以深圳为案例,通过海量浮动车 (FCD) GPS数据的时空挖掘,在识别出深圳市两个重要商业中心的基础上,分析和验证了双商业中心的交通吸引时空规律以及相互作用关系。发现城市商业中心的交通吸引存在显著的幂函数关系,验证了传统的地理空间衰减规律。同时,这种衰减规律受到一系列因素的影响而在局部发生扰动,主要扰动因素包括城市其他人流密集的主要功能区之间的相互吸引、基础设施对可达性的影响、地形地貌等城市空间布局因素和消费者行为、偏好等人文因素等。

关键词: 多中心, 城市空间结构, 空间衰减率, GPS, 大数据, 深圳

Abstract:

Urban multi-center phenomenon is very common in many countries, which challenges urban models with the assumption of single center. Although there are literatures trying to explain the mechanism of multi-center urban system using models based on multi-center, the lack of empirical research makes the models being questioned. Under the pattern of multi-center, does the traditional classical geographic model like law of distance decay exist? What factors will disturb the model? This study aims to analyze and validate the spatio-temporal discipline of attration and mutual relationship between two commercial centers, based on spatio-temporal data mining of floating cars' GPS data and the recognition of two important commercial centers in Shenzhen City, China. The study reveals that the attraction between two commercial centers shows distinct power function relationship, which validates the law of geographic spatial decay. At the same time, the spatial decay's law shows some local disturbances due to a series of causes, such as the mutual attraction from other important and crowded areas, the influence of infrastructure to accessibility, urban spatial layout factor like landform and humanity factors like consumer behavior and preference etc.

Key words: multicenter, urban spatial structure, spatial decay, GPS, big data, Shenzhen