全球气候变化与能源安全的地缘政治

doi:10.11821/dlxb201409002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当前,气候变化问题已经远远超出科学研究的范畴,它影响到经济运行模式,乃至于利益格局和地缘关系,并成为国际关系中的焦点。中国正处于工业化的中期,在国际经济社会发展转型、世界地缘格局重组关键期,应对气候变化也是中国发展阶段的内在需求。随着气候变化对各国国内竞争力,以及重要地缘战略地区影响加大,气候变化和地缘政治呈现出复杂多元的关系,气候变化时代的地缘政治逐渐影响到各国战略和外交。本文围绕利益和博弈来阐述气候变化带来的地缘政治新特征,并在此基础上提出相关政策建议：国际气候谈判中,权衡利益,处理好复杂的大国关系;加强风险研判,积极与美国和欧盟开展能源、气候变化方面的合作;依托“一带一路”,确保我国能源安全,并积极参与全球能源治理;在“南南合作”方面,创新机制,大幅增加投入力度。最后,提出地理学界在气候变化与能源安全方面应加强的研究方向。

关键词: 气候变化, 能源, 地缘政治, 全球治理, 国家发展战略

Abstract:

Currently, the problem of climate change is already far beyond the category of scientific research, and it affects the economic operation mode, interests pattern and geographical relations, and has become the focus of international relations. During the transition period of the international economic and social development and the critical transformation period of the world geopolitical pattern reorganization, China’s industrialization is still at the mid-stage, and tackling with climate change is also China's internal demand under this development stage. With more influences of climate change on national competitiveness, and the Middle East, central Asia, north important geo-strategic region, climate change and geopolitics present complex multiple relations, and climate change in the era of geopolitics gradually has affected the national strategy and diplomacy. This report illustrates the new geopolitics characteristics of climate change from the interests and the game, and puts forward relevant policy suggestions: (1) Weigh the interests, handle the complex relations of power, and negotiate between the European Union group and the umbrella group led by the United States; (2) Strengthen risk assessments, actively carry out cooperation on energy, climate change with the United States and the European Union; (3) Rely on the "One Belt (Silk Road Economic Belt) and One Road (21st Century Maritime Silk Road)" to ensure our energy security, and actively participate in global energy governance; (4) Innovate the "south-south cooperation" mechanism, and increase the investment; (5) Promote economic and energy restructuring and transformation in China to build the international competitiveness in the future. Finally, the research directions in climate change and energy security issues are proposed for Geography, which should be strengthened.

Key words: climate change, energy, geopolitics, global governance, national development strategy

王文涛, 刘燕华, 于宏源. 全球气候变化与能源安全的地缘政治[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(9): 1259-1267.

Wentao WANG, Yanhua LIU, Hongyuan YU. The geopolitical pattern of global climate change and energy security issues[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(9): 1259-1267.

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