地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (7): 926-932.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201407005

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现行普适降水入渗产流模型的比较研究：SCS与LCM

李军(), 刘昌明(), 王中根, 梁康   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-20 修回日期:2014-05-26 出版日期:2014-07-20 发布日期:2014-09-12
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：李军 (1968-), 男, 辽宁大连人, 博士生, 主要从事水文水资源研究。E-mail: lijun.12b@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题 (2013BAC10B02-02);国家自然科学基金项目 (41271048);国家自然科学基金重点项目 (41330529)

Two universal runoff yield models: SCS vs. LCM

Jun Li(), Changming LIU(), Zhonggen WANG, Kang LIANG   

  1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2014-04-20 Revised:2014-05-26 Online:2014-07-20 Published:2014-09-12
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Support Program, No.2013BAC10B02-02;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41271048;The Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41330529

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摘要：

产流计算是水文模拟的关键环节之一。在一定的空间尺度上,产流是一个十分复杂的非线性过程。目前在不同水文模型中,产流计算并不唯一。本文通过对比同时期提出的LCM模型与SCS模型,基于理论及数值分析发现：(1) SCS模型在其比例相等假设下,是LCM模型的一种简单线性化表示。LCM模型更加反映流域宏观产流的非线性。(2) LCM模型参数与SCS模型参数存在严格的数学关系。LCM模型参数的确定可以利用SCS模型参数研究成果。(3) LCM模型参数很容易通过野外实验进行测定,而SCS模型参数很难实测,也可通过LCM模型参数为SCS模型参数确定提供依据。(4) SCS模型揭示了流域产流期内总降雨损失与总降雨量存在倒数线性关系,而LCM模型通过泰勒展开发现具有同样规律。

关键词: 降雨入渗, 产流计算, 非线性, SCS模型, LCM模型

Abstract:

Runoff calculation is one of the key components in the hydrological modeling. For a certain spatial scale, runoff is a very complex nonlinear process. Currently, the runoff yield model in different hydrological models is not unique. The Chinese LCM model and the American SCS model describe runoff at the macroscopic scale, taking into account the relationship between total actual retention and total rainfall and having a certain similarity. In this study, by comparing the two runoff yield models using theoretical analyses and numerical simulations, we found that: (1) the SCS model is a simple linear representation of the LCM model, and the LCM model reflects more significantly the nonlinearity of catchment runoff. (2) There are strict mathematical relationships between parameters (R, r) of LCM model and between parameters (S) of SCS model, respectively. Parameters (R, r) of LCM can be determined using the research results of SCS model parameters. (3) LCM model parameters (R, r) can be easily obtained by field experiments, while it is difficult to measure SCS parameters (S). Therefore, parameters (R, r) of LCM model can also provide the foundation for SCS model. (4) The SCS model has a linear relationship between the reciprocal of total actual retention and the reciprocal of total rainfall during runoff period. The one-order term of a Taylor series expansion of the LCM model describes the same relationship, which needs to be further studied.

Key words: rainfall infiltration, runoff calculation, nonlinearity, the SCS model, the LCM model