黄河中游多沙粗沙区流域坡面水保措施变化特征

doi:10.11821/dlxb201401006

地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (1): 64-72.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201401006

黄河中游多沙粗沙区流域坡面水保措施变化特征

周旭^1,2, 杨胜天¹, 刘晓燕³, 刘昌明^4,5, 周秋文¹, 赵海根¹, 罗娅^1,6, 马红斌⁷

1. 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 遥感科学国家重点实验室, 环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室, 北京100875;
2. 西华师范大学国土资源学院, 四川南充637009;
3. 黄河水利委员会, 郑州450003;
4. 北京师范大学水科学研究院, 北京100875;
5. 中国科学院陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室, 北京100101;
6. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 贵阳550001;
7. 黄河水土保持生态环境监测中心, 西安710021

收稿日期:2013-09-10 修回日期:2013-10-27 出版日期:2014-01-20 发布日期:2014-01-20
作者简介:周旭（1981-），男,四川古蔺人，副教授，在读博士生，主要从事水资源与水环境遥感研究。E-mail：zxzy8178@163.com
基金资助:
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题(2012BAB02B00)；水利部公益项目(201101037)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项

Characteristics of soil and water conservation measures change in the watershed slope of the middle Yellow River Basin

ZHOU Xu^1,2, YANG Shengtian¹, LIU Xiaoyan³, LIU Changming^4,5, ZHOU Qiuwen¹, ZHAO Haigen¹, LUO Ya^1,6, MA Hongbing⁷

1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities, Beijing 100875, China;
2. School of Land and Resource, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China;
3. Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
4. College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
5. Key Laboratory of Land Water Cycle and Surface Process, CAS at IGSNRR, Beijing 100101, China;
6. School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China;
7. The Monitoring Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment of Yellow River, Xi'an 710021, China

Received:2013-09-10 Revised:2013-10-27 Published:2014-01-20 Online:2014-01-20
Supported by:
National Key Technologies R&D Program, No.2012BAB02B00; Public Welfare Fund of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, No.201101037; The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用Landsat TM、环境星CCD、SPOT4 和资源三号卫星影像等多源地学数据，通过人机交互式解译和修订土地利用与梯田数据，提出用相邻图幅递进回归分析法消除NDVI时相差异后反演植被盖度，构建起退耕还林还草面积比例、植被盖度均值变化量和有效梯田累计保存面积比例3 个坡面特征变化指示参数后，运用综合聚类分析和多要素贡献率模型研究黄河中游多沙粗沙区的流域坡面水保措施变化特征。结果表明：（1） 1998-2010 年间研究区内流域坡面水保措施变化显著，平均退耕还林还草面积比例为5.55%，平均林草植被盖度均值增加20.63%，平均有效梯田累计保存面积比例达6.25%；（2）多要素水保措施变化共同作用下的流域坡面变化特征主要有7 种类型，即植被盖度变化主导型、植被—土地变化主导型、土地—植被变化主导型、植被—梯田变化主导型、梯田—植被变化主导型、梯田面积变化主导型和多要素变化共同主导型；（3）不同类型的空间分布存在一定的地貌背景差异，后续研究应结合流域坡面变化特征及其地貌格局来优化配置水保措施，并合理估计水沙模型模拟的敏感性参数。

关键词: 坡面, 黄河中游多沙粗沙区, 水保措施, 变化

Abstract: This study chose multi-source remote sensing images to extract spatial information, and designed three parameters. It applied integrated cluster analysis and factors contribution model to research the variation of watershed slope in the rich and coarse sediment area of the middle Yellow River Basin. Conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) The watershed slope characteristics of the study area have changed from 1998 to 2010, including a great increment of forest, grassland and terrace area, and vegetation coverage has restored obviously. (2) There are 7 types of watershed slope variation, which are the result of changes of soil and water conservation measures. According to contribution rates, they are named as type-1 dominated by vegetation coverage change, type-2 by vegetation coverage and land use change, type-3 by land use and vegetation coverage change, type-4 by vegetation coverage and terrace area change, type-5 by terrace area and vegetation coverage change, type-6 by terrace area change and type-7 by multi-source factors. (3) The spatial distribution of each type has its unique geomorphic background, and the future work should take the watershed slope characteristics and geomorphic patterns into account, and should assess the sensitivity of different hydrological and sediment yield models rationally.

Key words: soil and water conservation measures, the middle Yellow River basin, variation, rich and coarse sediment area, slope

周旭, 杨胜天, 刘晓燕, 刘昌明, 周秋文, 赵海根, 罗娅, 马红斌. 黄河中游多沙粗沙区流域坡面水保措施变化特征[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(1): 64-72.

ZHOU Xu, YANG Shengtian, LIU Xiaoyan, LIU Changming, ZHOU Qiuwen, ZHAO Haigen, LUO Ya, MA Hongbing. Characteristics of soil and water conservation measures change in the watershed slope of the middle Yellow River Basin[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1): 64-72.

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黄河中游多沙粗沙区流域坡面水保措施变化特征

Characteristics of soil and water conservation measures change in the watershed slope of the middle Yellow River Basin

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