我国中部地区农村聚居分异特征及形成机制

doi:10.11821/dlxb201312005

地理学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (12): 1643-1656.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201312005

我国中部地区农村聚居分异特征及形成机制

贺艳华¹, 曾山山², 唐承丽¹, 周国华¹, 张洁¹, 李莉¹

1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙410081;
2. 望城区城乡规划局, 长沙410081

收稿日期:2013-01-11 修回日期:2013-07-05 出版日期:2013-12-20 发布日期:2013-12-20
通讯作者: 唐承丽（1964-），女，副教授，主要从事人文地理与区域发展方面研究。E-mail：tclxy68@163.com
作者简介:贺艳华（1982-），女，讲师，主要从事城乡发展与土地利用方面研究。E-mail：zlgx888@163.com
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金一般项目（07BJL033）；湖南省重点学科地理学建设项目（2011001）；湖南省教育厅科学研究一般项目（11C0799）

Differentiation characteristics and forming mechanism of rural settlements in Central China

HE Yanhua¹, ZENG Shanshan², TANG Chengli¹, ZHOU Guohua¹, ZHANG Jie¹, LI Li¹

1. Department of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410008, China;
2. Wangcheng Planning and Management Bureau, Changsha 410008, China

Received:2013-01-11 Revised:2013-07-05 Online:2013-12-20 Published:2013-12-20
Supported by:
National Social Science Foundation of China, No.07BJL033; The Key Discipline Construction Project of Hunan Province (Geography), No.2011001; Project Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, No.11C0799

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用样点分析、样带分析相结合的方法，从聚居规模与空间形态、聚居设施与居住条件、聚居主体与社会结构等农村聚居核心特征要素出发，探讨我国中部地区农村聚居空间分异特征及形成机制。研究表明：我国中部地区农村聚居具有明显的空间分异特征，呈现平原—丘陵—山区地域梯度、发达—欠发达—落后经济梯度、近郊—远郊—偏远距离梯度规律；农村聚居空间分异是自然地理条件、经济发展与收入水平、城镇化与城乡关系、地域文化环境以及国家政策与制度调控等多种因素综合作用的结果，各因素作用程度、方向、效应不同，并相互制约与影响；自然地理条件属于稳定型因子，重点作用于平原—丘陵—山区地域梯度，产生“持续强化效应”；经济发展与收入水平、城镇化与城乡关系属于动态型因子，主要作用于发达—欠发达—落后经济梯度、近郊—远郊—偏远距离梯度，产生“倒U型阶段效应”；地域文化环境是影响农村聚居较为深刻和本质的因素，通过影响聚居主体价值体系与行为习惯发生作用，属于半稳定性因子，产生“双向均衡效应”。

关键词: 空间分异, 中部地区, 形成机制, 农村聚居

Abstract: This paper makes a deep analysis of the differentiation characteristics and forming mechanism of rural settlements in Central China, in view of the core characteristic elements about rural settlements, such as scale and spatial form, facilities and housing condition, subject and social structure. The sampling-point method and transects method are adopted. The results are shown as follows. The spatial differentiation of rural settlements are obvious in Central China, and the "plain-hill-mountain" regional gradient, "developed-undevelopedunderdeveloped" economic gradient and "suburb-outer suburb-country" distance gradient are prominent. The factors has a joint effect, which include physiographic conditions, economic development and level of income, urbanization and urban-rural relationship, regional culture, national policy and systems, and so on. The factors are interacting and influencing each other in different ways. Physiographic conditions are stable factor that mainly affect "plain-hillmountain" regional gradient, by the "continuous reinforcement effect". Economic development and level of income, urbanization and urban-rural relationship are dynamic factors that mainly affect "developed-undeveloped-underdeveloped" economic gradient and "suburb-outer suburb-country" distance gradient, by the "inverted 'U' stage effect". In addition, regional culture influences rural settlements deeply and essentially by affecting peasant households' value system and behavior habit, which are semi-stable factors producing "bidirectional equilibrium effect".

Key words: forming mechanism, Central China, rural settlement, spatial differentiation

贺艳华, 曾山山, 唐承丽, 周国华, 张洁, 李莉. 我国中部地区农村聚居分异特征及形成机制[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(12): 1643-1656.

HE Yanhua, ZENG Shanshan, TANG Chengli, ZHOU Guohua, ZHANG Jie, LI Li. Differentiation characteristics and forming mechanism of rural settlements in Central China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(12): 1643-1656.

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我国中部地区农村聚居分异特征及形成机制

Differentiation characteristics and forming mechanism of rural settlements in Central China

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