地理学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (10): 1432-1446.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201310012
封志明1, 刘晓娜1,2, 姜鲁光1, 李鹏1
收稿日期:
2013-01-21
修回日期:
2013-05-21
出版日期:
2013-10-20
发布日期:
2013-10-20
作者简介:
封志明(1963-), 男, 河北平山人, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所首席研究员, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110000361M), 主要从事农业资源高效利用与区域可持续发展研究, 旁及资源科学的理论探讨。E-mail: fengzm@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
FENG Zhiming1, LIU Xiaona1,2, JIANG Luguang1, LI Peng1
Received:
2013-01-21
Revised:
2013-05-21
Online:
2013-10-20
Published:
2013-10-20
Supported by:
摘要: 橡胶林地是东南亚地区主要的土地利用类型,动态监测橡胶种植并分析其时空变化规律,对于区域土地资源开发、生态环境保护以及维护边境安全稳定具有重要意义。本文基于遥感技术实地研究了中老缅交界地区1980-2010 年的橡胶林地分布格局及其时空变化规律,定量分析了橡胶林地的分布特征及其地形因素的影响与限制。结果表明:(1) 2010 年中老缅交界地区橡胶林地面积为60.14 万hm2,占土地面积的8.17%,是研究区最大的土地利用类型。就林地结构来看,橡胶成林(≥10 年) 与橡胶幼林(<10 年) 之比大体是5:7,近10 年来橡胶林地扩展迅速。(2) 1980-2010 年中老缅交界地区橡胶林地已由最初的7.05 万hm2增加到60.14 万hm2,扩展近9 倍,橡胶林地扩张显著。橡胶林地已呈现由集中至分散、由边境向国外,“以景洪为中心、北上南进、西拓东扩”的空间分布格局与地域扩展特征。(3) 中老缅交界地区橡胶种植受地形因素制约,橡胶林地4/5 以上集中在600~1000 m适宜区间,很少超过1200 m;近2/3 集中分布在8°~25°的坡地,极少或很少分布在超过35°的急陡坡;主要分布在南坡和东坡,北坡和西坡相对较少,橡胶种植强度也呈现相同规律。(4) 橡胶林地国别对比分析表明,中国境内橡胶林地在向高海拔、陡坡地扩展,老缅境内具有较大地形适宜空间,有利于橡胶种植的跨境发展。(5) 中老缅交界地区的橡胶种植必将由中国向老挝和缅甸跨境发展,老挝和缅甸境内,特别是近中国边境地区的橡胶林地持续扩张已是不可避免。
封志明, 刘晓娜, 姜鲁光, 李鹏. 中老缅交界地区橡胶种植的时空格局及其地形因素分析[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(10): 1432-1446.
FENG Zhiming, LIU Xiaona, JIANG Luguang, LI Peng. Spatial-temporal analysis of rubber plantation and its relationship with topographical factors in the border region of China, Laos and Myanmar[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(10): 1432-1446.
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