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  • 2016 Volume 71 Issue 4
    Published: 25 April 2016
      
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  • Theoretical analysis of interactive coupled effects between urbanization and eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations
    FANG Chuanglin, ZHOU Chenghu, GU Chaolin, CHEN Liding, LI Shuangcheng
    2016, 71(4): 531-550. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604001
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    Mega- urban agglomerations in China play a vital role in both national economic development strategies and national new-type urbanization, and undertake important historical responsibility with the world economic center transfer to China. However, they suffer a series of increasingly serious eco- environmental problems in the process of development. Thus,studies on the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and eco-environment in megaurban agglomerations are the frontier areas and high priority tasks in the earth system science for the future ten years. This paper analyses the basic theory frame of the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and eco- environment in mega- urban agglomerations systematically. In theoretical aspect, based on the nonlinear relationship and coupling characteristics of the natural and human elements in mega- urban agglomerations system, we could estimate the interactive coercing intensity, nearcoupling and telecoupling mechanism of the inside and outside mega-urban agglomerations system after scientific identification of the key elements, and then form the basic interactive coupling theory. Moreover, we could build a spatio- temporal coupling dynamic model, which is integrated with multi- elements, multiscales,multi-scenarios, multi-modules and multi-agents. The model will be used to develop the intelligent decision support system for urban agglomeration sustainable development. In methodology aspect, the mega- urban agglomeration is regarded as an open complex giant system. We should establish the standardized shared database for exploring the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and eco- environment. Then using new technology for analyzing big data and the integration methods incorporating of multi- elements, multi- scales, multi- targets, multi- agents, multi- scenarios and multi- modules, we can build a methodology framework to analyze the complex interaction coupling between urbanization and ecoenvironment. The technical route is to analyze spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, identify the key elements, interpret coupling relationship, reveal the mechanism of coercing effect, find the general rules, filtrate the control variables, solve the critical thresholds, conduct regulation experiments, simulate different scenarios, propose an optimized schemes, and achieve national goals. Furthermore, we could put forward the overall optimization scheme. In general, this research could provide theoretical guidance and method support for the transformation and sustainable development in mega-urban agglomerations.
  • Research progress of international geopolitics, 1996-2015
    SONG Tao, LU Dadao, LIANG Yi, WANG Qian
    2016, 71(4): 551-563. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604002
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    Geopolitics, which conducts research on the international relations in view of geographies, exerts powerful influences on the course of conomic and political development in the world. In the tide of globalization and information technology, the geopolitics has become an important ubject of global pattern interpretation and policy making. It is important to have a scientific and systematic review on latest development of nternational geopolitics for promoting the development of this discipline. Based on the bibliometric statistics, the paper reviews the research development of geopolitics based on data from the Web of Science during 1996-2015. The history, journals, papers and key research areas of geopolitics are revealed in this paper. By the analysis of bibliometric statistics, we found that the number of papers recently published in the journals of political geography and related geography continues to increase. The key areas of geopolitical papers which are global highly cited include geopolitical interpretation of the countries and the borders, critical geopolitics, emotional eopolitics, feminism geopolitics and other topics. Before 2000, the states and the borders are hot topics of the geopolitical research. Since 2000, it is of great significance that the geopolitics should be placed in the context of geographical implications. At the same time, critical geopolitics tends to be the main area of geopolitical research, especially the shifts from traditional geopolitics to the humanism (such as emotional geopolitics, feminism geopolitics). The paper then systematically reviews the branch trends of geopolitical research, including the borders and the territory, global geo- culture and geo- economics, Chinese models of geopolitics, resource conflicts and ecological politics, emotional geopolitics. Finally, it puts forward that Chinese geopolitical studies should reinforce the importance of geographical space and scale, use the process of description and multiple methods, as well as integrate humanistic thoughts, to further enrich the theories and practices of geopolitical research.
  • Revisiting several basic geographical concepts:A social sensing perspective
    LIU Yu
    2016, 71(4): 564-575. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604003
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    Recently, various big data are drawing more and more attention in geographical research and many scholars have conducted lots of empirical studies using mobile phone data,social media data, taxi data, and so forth. Social sensing,a newly proposed concept, represents the capability of revealing socio- economic geographical features by capturing the spatial behavior patterns of a large population. Given that the term "environment" in humanenvironment interaction studies have involved the behavioral environment, social sensing techniques provide us a new approach to understanding human- environment interactions.Additionally, the emergence of social sensing helps us to rethink several fundamental issues in geographical studies. This article revisits two groups of core concepts: spatial distribution and spatial interaction, as well as qualitative method and quantitative method. Based on the fact that big data measure distributions and interactions at both individual and aggregate levels, we can quantify the underlying distance and scale effects from the observed patterns. To tackle space and population heterogeneity, clustering methods can be introduced to decompose a space and/ or a population into relatively homogeneous human groups and places. Considering that human groups and places are essential to qualitative studies, we argue that social sensing offers an opportunity to integrate big data and survey-based small data, and consequently, qualitative and quantitative methods are integated. Obviously, the second merit makes it possible to construct hybrid geography.
  • Evolution and geographic effects of high-speed rail in East Asia
    JIN Fengjun, JIAO Jingjuan, QI Yuanjing
    2016, 71(4): 576-590. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604004
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    East Asia plays an increasingly important role in the world economy in a line with the development of economic integration and accelerated globalization. As one of the influencing factors of economic integration and regional development, HSR will largely influence the regional development, regional structure, commuting, and regional integration. In this paper, we take the high-speed rail in East Asia as a case to explore the evolution of HSR and its impacts on transport circle and accessibility of cities. Results indicate that the evolution of HSR in East Asia firstly follows the "core cities - core cities" mode and then forms a whole network spatially; HSR network has higher service market in population and GDP than in landuse, and the service markets of HSR network in 2012 are mainly located in the eastern and central regions of China, Japan and South Korea, and those of planned HSR network expand to western China and Japan, south part of South Korea; the 1-h transport circle of core cities in East Asia presents a continuous trend along trunk HSR lines, and the 2-h transport circle has formed continuous egions in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Tokyo, Seoul or along trunk HSR lines, while the court of weighted shortest travel time of cities in China's mainland,Japan and South Korea presents the "core- peripheral structure", taking Zhengzhou in Henan province, Tokyo and Seoul as the core cities; as the development of HSR, the cities located along the trunk HSR lines have a large increase in accessibility, which shows the "corridor effects".
  • Comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of accessibility in the four vertical and four horizontal HSR networks in China
    JIANG Bo, CHU Nanchen, XIU Chunliang, ZHAO Yinghui, LI Xiaoqing, LUO Chong
    2016, 71(4): 591-604. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604005
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    Some limitations exist in the traditional methods of measuring accessibility, such as lacking comprehensive and comparative analysis from various aspects. Therefore, in this study,the evaluation of accessibility is conducted with three indicators, i.e. weighted average me,economic potential, and accessibility gravity center. After the evaluation, dynamic changes of urban accessibility with and without high- speed rail (HSR) are analyzed by ArcGIS method.Then comprehensive variable coefficient, hierarchy analysis and improved Huff model are used to nalyze spatial evolution characteristics and regularity of cities and regions along the HSR. Finally, the comprehensive accessibility of various HSR lines (nine HSR lines are involved in this study) is evaluated with Entropy-weight method, based on the accessibility system which is nstructed with six indicators, i.e. Ai, Pi, Ci, D- Value, CV and Pij. Results show that the comprehensive accessibility of various HSR lines is ifferent, with the order of their comprehensive strength as follows: Beijing- Guangzhou > Beijing- Shanghai > Shanghai- Kunming > Hangzhou-Shenzhen > Shanghai-Chengdu > Harbin-Dalian > Qingdao-Taiyuan > Zhengzhou- Xi'an > Lanzhou- Urumqi. The accessibility shows a decreasing trend from the eastern and central regions via the northeastern region to the western region. The accessibility of vertical HSR lines is better than the horizontal HSR lines. The increasing rate of economic potential is significantly higher than the decreasing rate of weighted average travel time. The movement of accessibility gravity center results in the spreading and overlapping of different time circles. The HSR spatial linkage mode of "core- core" has gradually developed into the mode of "core- network". "Four national service centers", i.e. Shanghai, Beijing, uangzhou and Shenzhen, and "six large regional service centers", i.e. Tianjin, Wuhan, Chongqing,Nanjing, Hangzhou and Shenyang have emerged in the HSR network and "multi-center" HSR service patterns and increasingly complicated spatial clusters have been formed. Affected by the HSR network, the gradual change and remodeling of regional spatial pattern have become more and more complicated. Spatial pattern in the "T-shaped" axes presents an evolving trend of polarization to equilibrium and intercity flows accelerate the process of spatial integration.
  • Spatial structure of container port systems across the Taiwan Straits under the direct shipping policy:A complex network system approach
    WANG Liehui, HONG Yan
    2016, 71(4): 605-620. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604006
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    Since 1997, the cross- strait shipping policy between the mainland of China and Taiwan has evolved from indirect shipping, through piloting direct shipping to direct shipping.Such policy changes have transformed the cross- strait container port system which hasexperienced three phases of change: initial growth, rapid growth, and mature growth. Based onthe cross- strait shipment route data released by the State Department of Transportation, thisstudy measures and characterizes the evolving features of the cross-strait container port system,including its spatial connectivity, differentiation of geographic centricity, and regionalagglomeration. It further attempts to reveal the dynamic mechanism of spatial structural change of this port system under the direct shipping policy. From a complex network system perspective, the study employs tools of GEPHI software and GIS in the empirical analysis of container port system. The findings of the study are as follows. First, the spatial pattern of the cross- strait container port system is associated with three stages of evolutionary processes: aggregation of special trans- shipment ports, concentration of hub ports and development of regional port network. The changing process of the system can be characterized as the expanding scale of shipping connectivity, the weakening share weight of dominant shipping lines, and the reducing centrality of hub ports. The increasing centrality of the secondary ports and emerging clustering of small ports prompt the appearance of so- called‘Small- world’phenomenon of regional port agglomeration. Second, before the implementation of the direct shipping policy, the regional port clusters were mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta and the Bohai Rim Region. After its implementation, the port clusters moved towards the West Coast Economic Zone while they remained in the Pearl River Delta. Third, the spatial evolution of cross-strait shipping network is driven by institutions, markets and technology. The special policy of direct shipping across the Strait has created an important social institution for the formation and evolution of a new port system. The enhanced cross-strait trade relations and the positive promotion of Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (ECFA) have largely reshape the shipping linkages between the ports in four coastal economic zones in the mainland of China and the ports in Taiwan. Besides, the port competition mechanism induced by technical innovation can affect the arrangement of shipment routing by shipping companies across the Taiwan Strait.
  • Spatial pattern and influencing factors of urbanization development in China at county level:A quantitative analysis based on 2000 and 2010 census data
    WANG Jing, LI Yurui
    2016, 71(4): 621-636. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604007
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    China has entered a new stage of rapid urbanization characterized by a critical period of transformation and in-depth development. Emphasizing people-oriented urbanization and optimizing the urbanization pattern is one of the important fields of national strategic decision at present. Using 2000 and 2010 census data, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics, influencing factors and zoning scheme of recent China's urbanization development at county level, based on spatial analysis, multiple regression and cluster analysis. The main results are summed up as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2010, the residential population urbanization rate experienced a rapid increase and showed obvious regional difference. The average urbanization level of all counties increased by 1.3 percentage points annually. In 32% of all the counties the urbanization level increased by 1.5 percentage points annually. The urbanization level of eastern coastal, northeast, central and western China increased by 1.4, 0.5, 1.4 and 1.3 percentage points annually, respectively. (2) The urbanization pattern tcounty level changed little during the study period.Counties with high urbanization level are mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Beijing- Tianjin- Hebei region, and eastern coastal region and provincial cities. Some 60% of counties can be divided into the categories of low urbanization level-high growth rate, low urbanization level- medium high growth rate, and low urbanization level- medium growth rate. And the three types of counties are mainly distributed in the central and western China. (3) Economic development, industrial structure, human capital, population agglomeration ability and geographical location influenced the spatial disparities of county urbanization significantly. (4) China's rbanization development at county level can be divided into five categories and 20 areas. In the new period, the development of urbanization should highlight the regional function, enhance the resources and environment carrying capacity, strengthen the industrial foundation, and emphasize the conservation and intensive use of resources.
  • The migrants' sense of place and its influencing factors on a microcosmic perspective:A case study of the migrants in the urban villages in Guangzhou
    ZHU Hong, LI Rutie, SU Binyuan
    2016, 71(4): 637-648. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604008
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    The relationship between people and places is characterized by affective and cognitive dimensions, respectively as sense of place. In the view of microcosmic perspective, this paper aims at clarifying the differences and their effect path of the migrants’sense of place between urban and rural hometown in the factors including gender, age, income level, cultural capital, rootedness, social cohesion, living condition, living forms and the length of living. For this purpose, we conducted a research on a sample of 412 migrants from three urban villages beside hongshan Road: Shipai, Tangxia and Zhucun, which are located from the center area to suburbs on an average distance in the east of Guangdong. The scale of sense of place we used here is revised from Kaltenborn B P (1998), and the factors of rootedness, social cohesion, living condition are detected by factor analysis in reference to Gordon M M (1964), Bonaiuto M (2003), Lewicka M (2005), etc. Results by using SPSS17.0 and M- plus7 show that: (1) There are differences in sense of place in gender, the mean value of female's sense of place is lower than that of male in both urban villages and rural hometown; (2) There is no difference in age, living forms and length of living while there are differences in income level; (3) Cultural capital, social cohesion and living condition show differences between high scores group and low scores group of the sense of place; (4) Social cohesion has positive correlation with cultural capital, rootedness and living condition, while the sense of place in rural hometown has negative correlation with cultural capital and living condition; (5) The sense of place affects the social cohesion indirectly by the factors of rootedness, living condition and culture capital.
  • Making, development and transformation of South Korean Enclave in China: A case study ofWangjing, Beijing
    ZHOUWenting, LIU Yungang, JEON Jiyoung
    2016, 71(4): 649-665. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604009
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    Against the context of high-speed economic growth in China, the number of South Koreans who have expatriated to China soared over the last decade. This increase has made China the third largest destination for South Korean Transmigrants (SKTs) among all nations, following only USA and Japan. In particular, Beijing has become the most popular destination among the Chinese cities, with 74025 SKTs in 2013. As such, this study sheds light on Wangjing, Beijing, which is taken as a case to examine the making, development and transformation of South Korean enclaves in China. Wangjing, the largest South Korean enclave in China, has attracted widespread attention from scholars of China and South Korea. Based on first-hand data gathered from onsite surveys and interviews conducted in December 2014 and March 2015, we found that Wangjing began to expand northward from Huajiadi to Wangjing Xiyuan in 1998 and expanded further when Wangjing Xiyuan was created in 2003. Since many Korean students and their families lived in Huajiadi before 2003, the making of this enclave is an ongoing process. The SKTs of various backgrounds have clustered in Wangjing Xiyuan since 2003 and include not only students but also overseas businessmen, self-employed people and locally hired people. The economy within the enclave has emerged and developed along with the expansion of the Wangjing territory. Businesses within the enclave are mainly coowned and co- operated by SKTs and people who are Korean- Chinese and are dominated by daily services provided to each other. Compared to the enclaves of other foreigners in China, Wangjing is marked by the participation of Korean-Chinese people. Moreover, because they are living in the same community with ordinary local residents, it may be possible to integrate SKTs into the local society. However, most SKTs still remain segregated from Korean-Chinese or other Chinese people. The current status of the Wangjing South Korean enclave creates challenges for urban management as well as for furthering the role of Beijing as a model international megalopolis in China.
  • Land use transitions and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain
    LIU Yongqiang, LONG Hualou
    2016, 71(4): 666-679. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604010
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    Land use transition refers to the changes in land use morphology including dominantmorphology and recessive morphology of a certain region over a certain period of time driven by different factors. Recently, issues related to land use transition in China have attracted interest from a wide variety of researchers as well as the government officials. This paper tries to examine the patterns of land use transition and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai- Hai Plain during 2000- 2010. On the one hand, the temporal and spatial patterns of land use transition and their characteristics and laws were analyzed. On the other hand, based on the established conceptual framework of analyzing the dynamic mechanism of land use transition, spatial econometric regression analysis method was used to analyze the dynamic mechanism of the five kinds of major land use types transformation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain at the county level. Land use pattern changes in the study area were characterized by the increase of construction land, water body and forested land along with the decrease of farmland, unused land and grassland. The changes during 2000- 2005 were much more significant than that during 2005- 2010. In terms of factors affecting land use transitions, physical factors are the basis of land use transition, and it will generate a long- term impact on that, while socioeconomic factors such as population and GDP tend to determine the direction, structure, size and layout of land use transition at a short period. Land regulation and policy factors play a mandatory guidance and restraint role in land use transitions, so as to improve the overall land use efficiency. Land engineering is an important tool to control land use transition. In general, the five kinds of major land use types transformation are the results of combined action of a variety of physical, social and economic factors, during which traffic condition and location condition have the most significant effects, that is, they are the common factors. The authors argue that understanding the temporal and spatial processes of land use transitions and their dynamic mechanism is the important foundation for utilizing land resources, protecting regional ecological environment, and promoting regional socio- economic sustainable development.
  • Evaluation of academic value of papers in SCI/SSCI and Chinese core journals:A geographer perspective
    ZHU Xiaohua, HE Shujin, WANG Dai, SUN Feng, WANG Degen
    2016, 71(4): 680-692. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604011
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    With the development of informatization and globalization, SCI/SSCI papers have increasingly been the evaluation criteria for Chinese universities and other research institutes to measure their basic research strength. Moreover, with the emergence of the phenomenon that just focus on SCI/SSCI papers, the academic value assessment and accreditation of papers in Chinese core journals has been reduced accordingly. In a certain extent, this causes a shock to the development of Chinese core journals. Based on the exploratory factor analysis, the paper constructs the structural equation model of the recognition of academic value of papers in Chinese core journals. By taking the geographer as an example, through the confirmatory factor analysis, the paper studies on the influence factors of the recognition of academic value of papers in Chinese core journals. The results showed: (1) Influence of academic achievement is the key factor of recognition of academic value of papers in Chinese core journals, as well as policy of research evaluation and academic status and academic influence evaluation are important ones; (2) Influence of academic achievement has the greatest influence on recognition with the path coefficient of 0.52, followed by academic influence evaluation with the path coefficient of 0.25. Policy of research evaluation and academic status has relatively less influence; (3) Influence of academic achievement and academic influence evaluation show positive correlations with recognition, while policy of research evaluation and academic status shows a negative one. At last, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to enhance geographers' recognition of academic value of papers in Chinese core journals, in order to promote researchers' willingness to publish high quality Chinese papers and boost the development of Chinese core journals.
  • Analysis of geography papers of China in Engineering Index
    HE Shujin, ZHAO Xin, YU Xinfang
    2016, 71(4): 693-697. https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604012
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    According to the news from the engineering village on 11 Feburary 2016, Acta Geographica Sinica is indexed by Engineering Index (EI). The indexed papers of Acta Geographica Sinica are tracked back to 2006. Based on EI database, this paper analyzes the rankings of geography subjects, geographical intitutions and authors in China. The rankings of subjects, geographical intitutions and authors of Acta Geographica Sinica are also summarized.