This paper presents an analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of 794 marquisates in the Han Dynasty based on gravity transform model, standard deviational ellipse and multiple logistic regression. It further reveals the relationships between the spatial pattern of the marquisates and socio-economic and geographical factors in each historical period. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) The numbers, proportions and frequency of marquisates substantially showed a "high - low - high - low" trend in the research period. (2) The distribution pattern of marquisates in different historical eras presented a highly concentrated state and it experienced a reversal from the west to the east and then from the east to the west. The analyses of the standard deviational ellipses suggested a fact that the Eastern Han Dynasty overtook the Western Han Dynasty in distance and movement rate; The X axis, Y axis and its area on standard deviational ellipse of the Western Han Dynasty continued to decline. However, the X axis, Y axis and its area on standard deviational ellipse of the Eastern Han Dynasty gradually increased. (3) The analysis of multiple logistic regression demonstrates that the most important factor that had effect on how marquisates reacted was their location. Therefore, they were more likely to be located in areas near roads, capitals and regional central cities. The analysis also presents a picture of obvious "social economy directivity". In addition, directional change in terrain factor and location factor reveals that the effects of all factors on the marquisates settling were changeable and transformed with the social development and political system. However, its correlation with political factors was still dominant.

Honggou canal is an important artificial river in the Central Plains from the Pre-Qin to the Wei-Jin Dynastic Period, which exerted a profound influence on the shipping traffic in ancient China. However, the problems about Honggou's diversion ports and canal heads have remained unsolved yet. Here, based on fieldworks, in combination with systematic analysis of the historical documents and archaeological evidence, we investigated the water diversion ports and canal heads during the period from the Warring States to the Wei-Jin Dynasties. The results are as follows: (1) In the Warring States Period, the actual control area by the Wei State in Xingyang was located west of the Wei Great Wall, including Juanxian county and Yanxian county. During that period, because Jisui and Xingdu were controlled by the Wei and Han states, respectively, Emperor Wei Hui used the former rather than the latter as the canal head at the beginning of the Honggou canal project; (2) In the process of unification of the other six states by Qin State, the border barrier was eliminated and Ao granary was built in the Guangwu Mountain. Meanwhile, for the convenience of water transportation, the canal head was transferred to Xingdu, and a water gate was built to control the shipping traffic; (3) In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Xingdu was silted by the deposits of the Yellow River. As a result, Honggou canal head was transferred westward to the Shimen stream, due to the existence of several tributaries such as Liu and Guangwu streams which flowed into it. The last canal head had been used until Tongji canal was dug in the Sui Dynasty.