Mapping spatio-temporal variation of river width from satellite remote sensing data and hydrometeorological response in the Yarlung Zangbo River
Received date: 2022-02-18
Revised date: 2022-09-28
Online published: 2022-12-27
Supported by
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23100102)
Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(2019QZKK0202)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971403)
Lake-Watershed Science Data Center, National Earth System Science Data Center and the 14th Five-year Network Security and Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences(WX145XQ06-04/CAS-WX2021SF-0306)
River width, as one of the basic parameters of river morphology, is very important to understand the hydrological process and ecosystem function on Earth. The Yarlung Zangbo River is not only a global plateau river with typical regional characteristics, but also an important international river. However, due to its remote location, mountainous terrains, and harsh environmental conditions, the gauge stations are sparsely distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo River, which greatly impedes a better understanding of its hydrological dynamic characteristics. Satellite remote sensing makes it possible to monitor and analyze the wide and long-term dynamic changes and to examine the hydrological characteristics of the Yarlung Zangbo River by providing multi-temporal image data. Based on the Global Land Analysis and Discovery (GLAD) dataset and the threshold segmentation method of water boundary inundation frequency, this study reconstructed the complete monthly water area of the study area, and then estimated the spatial and temporal distribution of the river width from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that due to the seasonal differences in temperature and precipitation, the width of the river showed a significant seasonal variation from 2000 to 2020. The seasonal variation in the middle reaches was the largest (453.6 m), while that of the downstream was the smallest (90.3 m). Influenced by climate and topography, the spatial distribution of river width in the whole course of the Yarlung Zangbo River varies greatly. The narrowest part of the observed river channel is about 30 m, i.e., a spatial resolution of Landsat images. The maximum river width in the middle and lower reaches of braided rivers can reach 5935.7 m. About 50% of the river segments of the Yarlung Zangbo River are narrower than 150 m, and only 2.0% of the river segments are wider than 2000 m. From 2000 to 2020, the average river width of the main stream first decreased, then increased and finally decreased. There was a very significant positive correlation between the mean river width of the mainstream and precipitation and air temperature, and the correlation coefficient R was 0.7, which passed the confidence test of 0.01. In addition, the monthly river width based on GLAD was also evaluated by the river width results derived from 10 m resolution Sentinel-2 data. The results showed that both of the relative deviations were less than 2%, indicating that the estimation results were relatively reliable in general.
XU Jiahui , WANG Shidong , SONG Lijuan , ZHANG Dapeng , SONG Chunqiao . Mapping spatio-temporal variation of river width from satellite remote sensing data and hydrometeorological response in the Yarlung Zangbo River[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022 , 77(11) : 2862 -2877 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202211011
表1 重建水体混淆矩阵精度评价Tab. 1 Accuracy evaluation of the confusion matrix applied to the reconstructed water body |
日期 | PA(%) | OA(%) | UA(%) | Kappa系数 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2019年3月 | 86.9 | 82.2 | 82.5 | 0.9 |
2019年7月 | 82.6 | 85.0 | 84.2 | 0.8 |
2019年10月 | 89.0 | 88.4 | 88.2 | 0.9 |
图8 雅鲁藏布江不同区域河宽变化Fig. 8 Variation of river width in different parts of Yarlung Zangbo River |
表2 河宽变化结果精度评价表Tab. 2 Reconstruction results of incomplete water body of the Yarlung Zangbo River |
位置 | 时间 | 基于GLAD估算(m) | 基于Sentinel-2估算河宽(m) | 相对偏差(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 2016年6月 | 119.6 | 121.4 | 1.5 |
2020年8月 | 137.9 | 139.3 | 1.0 | |
B | 2017年9月 | 144.4 | 147.0 | 1.8 |
2018年5月 | 131.5 | 131.8 | 0.2 | |
C | 2015年12月 | 452.0 | 453.2 | 0.3 |
2018年6月 | 391.1 | 393.5 | 0.6 |
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