Human geography research based on the new thinking of global rural-urban relationship
Received date: 2021-02-28
Request revised date: 2021-08-15
Online published: 2022-02-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41931293)
Copyright
Sustainable rural development is critical to the achievement of global sustainable development goals. Globalization and urbanization, as the key processes, continuously drive the human-earth system to make adaptive responses, promoting the transformation of urban-rural relations. The rural-urban relationship is essentially a mother-child relationship, which is a comprehensive characterization of the transfer of rural humanistic factors, the transformation of man-land relationship and the transformation of urban-rural development in the process of urbanization. However, the traditional cognition of urban-rural relationship ignores the multi-dimensional connections between the rural and the urban as well as the existence of the rural-urban integration system, resulting in prominent drawbacks of rural regions, negatively affecting the urban-rural development rights, and resulting in urban and rural territorial dysfunction and other problems. The key to solve the problems of socio-economic development in China is to reform the urban-biased development strategy, and to innovate the new cognition of rural-urban relationship based on the thinking of "rural maternal effect", which highlights that rural areas nourish the city. Based on the remote coupling and systematic synthesis of the rural human-earth system, modern human geography urgently needs to strengthen the cross-research with physical geography and information geography, create a coordinated observation system of human-earth system supported by the sky-space-ground integration, reshape the global rural development perspective, rural-urban system perspective, and reorganize the global rural human-earth relationship, the rural-urban integration relationship, and the living and employment relationship. Rural human-earth relationship territorial system is the core of rural geography research. The rural human-earth system research should focus on the coupling of rural natural ecosystem and the socio-economic system and their complex interactive processes and effects. Supported by the intersection of multiple disciplines, the expansion of new fields and the cultivation of new disciplines, it should create the collaborative observation technology of human-earth system and methodology of multi-source data fusion computing, the research idea based on process-mechanism-pattern and the technical path of monitoring-simulation-decision support, and explore the organic connection path between rural human-earth system coupling and rural-urban integrated development, regional sustainable development and global common governance.
LIU Yansui , LONG Hualou , LI Yurui . Human geography research based on the new thinking of global rural-urban relationship[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021 , 76(12) : 2869 -2884 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202112001
表1 全球乡村地理学研究体系Table 1 Research system of global rural geography |
尺度 | 内容 | 变化与挑战 | 目标 | 研究方法与手段 |
---|---|---|---|---|
跨国及全球 (人地圈) | 全球乡村发展与人地关系 | • 全球环境变化影响 • 国际粮食贸易挑战 • 全球农业生态危机 • 全球贫困治理难题 • 疫情危及健康安全 | • 优化调控人地关系 • 推进全球农业发展 • 促进全球生态保护 • 推动全球贫困治理 • 人类健康保障机制 | 宏观尺度研究: • 遥感与GIS技术 • 大数据应用 • 风险评估 • 网络分析 中观尺度研究: • 协同观测 • 定量模拟 • 预测预警 微观尺度研究: • 定量评估 • 定位监测 • 参与式调查 |
国家及区域 (城乡圈) | 城乡融合格局与乡城关系 | • 国家粮食供求危机 • 区域农业经济衰退 • 城乡收入差距拉大 • 区域生态退化风险 | • 提高粮食安全水平 • 促进农业经济增长 • 缩小城乡收入差距 • 保护区域生态安全 | |
村镇及农户 (村镇圈) | 村镇功能优化与居业关系 | • 村镇土地空废问题 • 社会福利保障低下 • 人居环境质量恶化 • 乡土文化日渐衰微 | • 提升土地功能价值 • 提供基本社会保障 • 改善聚落人居环境 • 传承特色乡土文化 |
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