The transmission and practice of intangible cultural heritage in the perspective of geographies of the body
Received date: 2019-05-07
Request revised date: 2020-06-30
Online published: 2020-12-25
Supported by
Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(18ZDA161)
Copyright
Intangible cultural heritage is essentially the "embodied heritage" according to the fact that the human body is the subject and carrier of intangible heritage with the power of structuring and performing heritage. This article selects Shachong Aoyu Dance, an intangible cultural heritage in Guangzhou and its transmitters as the study case and research subject respectively. Based on the perspective of geographies of the body, a diachronic investigation on both the transmitters' training and performance was conducted to explore how their body techniques formed in the process of training and to interpret how they experience a performing process. In the space-time of training, transmitters who has higher proficiency of Aoyu Dance lead the relationship between old and new transmitters. The senior transmitters obtain a particular power in this space due to their professional body techniques. This relationship is formed based on hierarchical domination and discipline. The affectual flow between senior and junior transmitters is significantly impacted by their interactions, and it is also influenced by their biological characteristics. The junior transmitters, however, can overcome the negative impacts of the disciplinary relationship and the biological resistances of their bodies. Therefore, the junior transmitters can actively engage in the emotional and affectual interaction between the old transmitters, their own bodies and themselves. The social and cultural relation in the local village is the main force forming the politics of relationship during the training process. In the space-time of performance, the body is the core of transmitters' multisensory experience. The transmitters firstly perceive their surroundings in performing, and then establish a visual interaction with the audience through "gazing" and "being gazed". With the supplement of rhythm and sound, the transmitters can successfully connect themselves to the audience with full emotional and affectual circulations and contagions, which helps the transmitters increase the strength of performance and reciprocate these procedures. The bodies of transmitters are thus the premise and guarantee for the inheritance and performance of intangible cultural heritage. The body, carrying the rich local history and culture, occupies a central position in this complex space-time network that is characterized by multi-subject and multi-level.
Key words: body; embody; intangible cultural heritage; transmitters; Aoyu Dance
TAO Wei , CAI Haohui , GAO Yuxin , ZHANG Chujing , JIANG Yingzhen . The transmission and practice of intangible cultural heritage in the perspective of geographies of the body[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020 , 75(10) : 2256 -2268 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202010015
表1 访谈对象基本信息Tab. 1 The basic information of interviewees |
| 编号 | 代码 | 年龄(岁) | 性别 | 身份 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | XZL | 57 | 男 | 沙涌村保安队队员 | 非物质文化遗产省级传承人 |
| 02 | JS | 72 | 男 | 退休 | |
| 03 | JSJ | 75 | 男 | 前村委会书记 | 非物质文化遗产省级传承人 |
| 04 | JYC | 42 | 女 | 村委会干部 | |
| 05 | JZJ | 22 | 女 | 村委会工作人员 | |
| 06 | XSA | 9 | 男 | 沙涌小学小学生 | 此外包括对同类型访谈对象的若干次集体访谈 |
| 07 | XSB | 10 | 男 | 沙涌小学小学生 | |
| 08 | XSC | 10 | 女 | 沙涌小学小学生 | |
| 09 | BYA | 42 | 男 | 巡游表演者 | |
| 10 | BYB | 37 | 男 | 巡游表演者 | |
| 11 | CMA | 24 | 女 | 普通村民 | 此外包括对同类型访谈对象的若干次集体访谈 |
| 12 | CMB | 34 | 女 | 普通村民 | |
| 13 | YKA | 25 | 男 | 外来游客观众 | 此外包括对同类型访谈对象的若干次集体访谈 |
| 14 | YKB | 30 | 男 | 外来游客观众 |
表2 展演空间的具身感官体验Tab. 2 Performers' sensory experience in performing space |
| 身体体验 | 展演空间的具体表现 |
|---|---|
| 视觉 | 建筑:村内的房子;狭窄的村道;具有鳌鱼文化特色的村内建筑物;大量观众;同行的其他表演者 |
| 触觉 | 穿着道具的承重感;化妆、服饰的附着感;出汗的感觉 |
| 嗅觉 | 出汗后的汗味;周围环境的味道 |
| 听觉 | 观众的欢呼声;表演音乐的演奏声 |
感谢奥克兰大学王绍续博士给予的帮助、张驰城同学在研究前期构思提供的建议以及张俊杰同学在调研采访和资料整理中的协助。
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