Coupled modes of grain yield and agricultural labor changes and rural development types at county level in Northeast China
Received date: 2019-01-04
Request revised date: 2020-04-03
Online published: 2020-12-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071223)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41630749)
Copyright
Rural revitalization needs to recognize and address the diversity of rural areas. Based on statistical data of grain yield and agricultural labor, this paper analyzes the coupled modes of the changes of grain yield and agricultural labor as well as their representations of rural development typology of 183 counties in Northeast China by using standard deviation ellipse, non-parametric test, and so on. The results show that: (1) during 2001-2015, the coupled mode of grain yield and agricultural labor changes of the whole study region turned in 2008. During 2001-2008, its grain yield increased while agricultural labor decreased; but during 2008-2015, both its grain yield and agricultural labor increased. Actually, this is due to degradation that resulted from the comprehensive interactions of many factors. (2) At county level, the proportion of grain yield increased while agricultural labor decreased counties in Northeast China shrank from 45.90% in 2001-2008 to 37.16% in 2008-2015, and the numbers of grain yield decreased while agricultural labor increased counties and grain yield and agricultural labor both decreased counties grew obviously. Spatially, the coupled modes of grain yield and agricultural labor changes evolved in differentiated patterns. (3) Based on the coupled modes of grain yield and agricultural labor changes and other supplementary indicators, this paper classifies the rural development typology at county level in Northeast China into five categories: extensive expansion type, agriculture modernization type, planting-breeding incorporated type, urbanizing type, and eco-environment prioritized type. The results show that these rural development types have certain hierarchical nature and present a structural evolution. Therefore, the coupled modes of grain yield and agricultural labor changes can represent the rural development typology well. (4) Different rural development types in Northeast China are facing different constraints and opportunities. In the light of these facts, this paper proposes the differential promotion strategies targeting specific rural development types. The approaches and strategies developed in this paper could be applied in other regions of China to analyze and address the diversity of rural areas.
FANG Yangang , LIU Jianzhi . Coupled modes of grain yield and agricultural labor changes and rural development types at county level in Northeast China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020 , 75(10) : 2241 -2255 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202010014
图6 2008—2015年东北地区县域乡村发展类型核心特征均值分布注:a. 外延扩张型,b. 农业现代化型,c. 种养结合型,d. 城镇化型;因生态优先型县域仅漠河、抚顺县、龙井、岫岩满族自治县4个,样本数量过少,故未做分析。 Fig. 6 Distribution of the mean value of the core features of rural development types at county level in Northeast China during 2008-2015 |
表1 非参数检验与秩变换分析法结果汇总表Tab. 1 Summary of nonparametric test and rank transformation analysis results |
| 乡村发展类型 | 变量 | H统计量 | 秩均值 | 变量 | H统计量 | 秩均值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 外延扩张型 | 乡村非农就业率 | 24.880** | 78.4578c-d- | 城镇建设及工矿用地比例 | 24.641** | 86.7952c-d- |
| 农业现代化型 | 86.9412d- | 77.2500c-d- | ||||
| 种养结合型 | 112.8125a+d- | 117.1250a+b+ | ||||
| 城镇化型 | 154.7273a+b+c+ | 145.4546a+b+ | ||||
| 外延扩张型 | 人口密度 | 24.766** | 83.8434c+d+ | 地均农业机械总动力 | 6.055 | — |
| 农业现代化型 | 79.3235c+d+ | |||||
| 种养结合型 | 120.0625a-b- | |||||
| 城镇化型 | 150.6364a-b- | |||||
| 外延扩张型 | 粮食播种面积 年均增长率 | 13.074** | 95.5663d+ | 非农产值比例 | 17.091** | 97.2289b+ |
| 农业现代化型 | 94.4638d+ | 70.5441a-c-d- | ||||
| 种养结合型 | 83.6250d+ | 110.0625b+ | ||||
| 城镇化型 | 41.8333a-b-c- | 118.4546b+ | ||||
| 外延扩张型 | 经济作物播种 面积比例 | 20.046** | 88.7229c- | 平均夜间灯光指数 | 20.926** | 79.5301c+d+ |
| 农业现代化型 | 75.8824c-d- | 86.3677c+d+ | ||||
| 种养结合型 | 134.7500a+b+ | 115.1250a-b- | ||||
| 城镇化型 | 113.7273b+ | 146.8182a-b- |
注:*、**分别表示变量通过5%、1%的显著性检验;秩均值中的上标表示该类型县域与字母表征的县域乡村发展类型在此项指标上的差异通过5%的显著性检验,字母含义与图6相同。如“a+”表示该类型县域的此项指标显著高于外延扩张型,“b-”表示该类型县域的此项指标显著低于农业现代化型。因生态优先型县域仅漠河、抚顺县、龙井、岫岩满族自治县4个,样本数量过少,故未做检验。 |
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