Understanding geographic coupling and achieving geographic integration
Received date: 2019-04-19
Request revised date: 2019-12-19
Online published: 2020-03-25
Supported by
The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP)(2019QZKK0608)
The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23100303)
Copyright
Coupling, as a classic physical concept, provides a suite of ideas and methods for describing interactions of multi-agents across disciplines. In contrast, the concept of integration is not from a certain discipline, but it is widely used in many natural and socioeconomic sciences fields due to its great generalization capacity. Both concepts are frequently mentioned in Earth science. Geography, as a multi-disciplinary research area between natural and socioeconomic sciences, owns regional, comprehensive, and complex characteristics. The understanding of coupling varies across geographic sciences. This paper presents an advanced understanding from six geographic perspectives based on different disciplines and scenarios, which is helpful to accurately explore patterns, processes, and mechanisms of land surface system. Firstly, this paper clarifies six perspectives on geographic coupling, and presents corresponding research cases, which include geographic spatial coupling, geographic features coupling, geographic interfaces coupling, geospatial scale coupling, geographic relationship coupling and geographic coupling interpretation. Secondly, the paper interprets the concept of integration from a geographic perspective, and introduces a pathway to achieving an integration in Heihe River Basin's research practice. Finally, the paper proposes intrinsic connections between geographic coupling and geographic integration.
SONG Changqing , CHENG Changxiu , YANG Xiaofan , YE Sijing , GAO Peichao . Understanding geographic coupling and achieving geographic integration[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020 , 75(1) : 3 -13 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202001001
表1 中国知网各种主题中出现“耦合”一词的文章数量(篇)Tab. 1 Number of CNKI articles with the keyword "coupling" |
| 地质学 | 地球物理学 | 气象学 | 海洋科学 | 自然地理与测绘 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 全文 | 20421 | 8190 | 6983 | 4990 | 2793 |
| 摘要 | 10089 | 3833 | 3759 | 2549 | 1202 |
| 关键词 | 231 | 106 | 58 | 48 | 35 |
注:数据来源于中国知网统计结果,统计时间截至2018年7月。 |
图1 黑河流域上游生态—水文集成模型的多要素耦合注:引自黑河流域生态—水文集成研究重大研究计划总结报告,由杨大文教授提供。 Fig. 1 Multi-features coupling in ecological-hydrological integrated model in the upper Heihe River Basin (From the summary report of the major research project on ecological-hydrological integration research in the Heihe River Basin, provided by Professor Yang Dawen) |
表2 中国知网各种主题中出现“集成”一词的文章数量(篇)Tab. 2 Number of CNKI articles with the keyword "integrations" |
| 地质学 | 气象学 | 自然地理与测绘 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 全文 | 8350 | - | 20714 |
| 摘要 | 2667 | 1399 | 6499 |
| 关键词 | 41 | 27 | 239 |
注:数据来源于中国知网统计结果,统计时间截至2018年7月;“-”表示该学科排名未能进入前50位,不在统计范围。 |
表3 黑河流域生态—水文—经济集成研究格网数据的制备Tab. 3 Preparation of grid data for ecological-hydrological-economic integration research in the Heihe River Basin |
| 数据类型 | 土壤、植被 | 水热因子 | 气象、气候因子 | 经济 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 采集方式 | 采样、观测 | 航空、卫星遥感 | 气候模型 | 统计、调查 |
| 制备方法 | 空间模拟 | 模型反演、地面实验 | 模型模拟 | 空间模拟 |
| 时空特征 | 低分辩率 | 中分辩率 | 高分辩率 | 空间定位 |
| 集成功能 | 区域本底 | 模型参数 | 模型驱动 | 资源平衡 |
图6 黑河流域系统模型的总体目标及框架注:来源于黑河流域生态—水文集成研究重大研究计划总结报告,由李新研究员提供。 Fig. 6 The goal and framework of the integrated model in the Heihe River Basin(From the summary report of the major research project on ecological-hydrological integration research in the Heihe River Basin, provided by Professor Li Xin) |
衷心感谢北京大学杨大文教授、中国科学院青藏高原研究所李新研究员提供的图片。
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