According to recent estimation, the totalL amount of water resources in China is abourt 2816km³, corresponding to 2730m³ per capita and 28000m³ per ha, which are both lower than those of the world average. The water problems of china are due to the uneven distribution of water resources in time and space, and the inconsistent combination of the water and land resources. In recent years, the rapid increase of water demand have brought some serious contradiction between water supply and demand. In this paper, the characteristics of water resources and the present status of water resources development and utilization are discussed, and some suggestions are presented.