The Sanjiang Plain, with an area of 51,300 square kilometers, lies at the northeas-tern borderland of China. It abounds with natural resources, yet in recent years, thereare such signs of deterioration in natural environment as the increasing of drought andwind erosion, decreasing of runoff and vegetation cover, etc.Inaddition, most part of marshlands in this region have a tendency of developinginto meadows and swamping meadows.So far as drought is concerned, the influence of atomspheric circulation plays aleading role, while the influence of human activities plays a second role.In order to prevent the deterioration of ecological environment, it is imperative totake the following measures: rationalized utilization of natural resources and all-rounddevelopment of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, fishery;building up a water conservancy system of combining drainage with storage, developingirrigation and enlarging the area of rice farming and combining the utilization of farm-land with the maintance of its fertility; protesting specific marshland by setting upreed production bases and marshland conservations.