The spatial form of traditional villages take shape under the environment and long-time historic accumulation, and the rapid urbanization has changed their patterns of space as well as injected new functionalities into villages. To develop a traditional village in a reasonable way, it is significant for planners to well understand the object itself. Space syntax is a term that is used to describe theories and techniques concerning the relationship between space and society. And spatial cognition research focuses on the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments. They have areas overlapped. Space syntax theory offers a more objective and efficient image research method on spatial cognition. Studies linking space syntax with cognitive science claimed that the spatial configuration affects users' activities through spatial cognition and subsequent movement behavior, such, we can understand our cognition by studying space. There relatively few studies on traditional villages. This paper interprets spatial cognition in a traditional village in syntactical view, taking Guangzhou's Xiaozhou Village as a typical case, to discuss how village's spatial form affect the spatial cognition of its users. Research method of space syntax analysis linking mental map is applied. Main results can be obtained as follows. Some characters of configuration which have higher value, can be considered as salient elements such as landmarks, and play a more significant role on spatial cognition; Differences exist in users' cognitive modes, locals can easily recognize the ancient grid while others cannot, rapid urbanization has changed the original spatial form of the traditional village, which is defensive and intrinsic, spatial aggregation center has turned from inner to the edge of the village, and this kind of change is one of the key factors that lead to cognitive differences among locals and other users. The paper also introduces a new method and view for the traditional village spatial form and spatial cognition research, as well as provides enlightenment for village's further development and plan.
TAO Wei, CHEN Hongye, LIN Jieyong
. Spatial form and spatial cognition of traditional village in syntactical view: A case study of Xiaozhou Village, Guangzhou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013
, 68(2)
: 209
-218
.
DOI: 10.11821/xb201302006
[1] Hillier B. The golden age for cities? How we design cities is how we understand them. Urban Design, 2006, 10: 16-19.
[2] Dara-Abrams D. Architecture of mind and world. How urban form influences spatial cognition//Hölscher C. Proceedingsof the Workshop on Spatial Cognition and Space Syntax. Bremen: SFB/TR 8, 2007: 93-111.
[3] Bafna S. Space syntax: A brief introduction to its logic and analytical techniques. Environment and Behavior, 2003, 35(1):17-29.
[4] Hillier B. Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture. 3rd ed. Yang Tao, Wang Xiaojing, Zhang Ji trans. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008. [比尔·希列尔. 杨滔, 王晓京, 张佶译. 空间是机器: 建筑组构理论. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2008.]
[5] Hölscher C, Dalton R C, Turner A. Understanding space: The nascent synthesis of cognition and the syntax of spatialmorphologies//Hölscher C. Proceedings of the Workshop on Spatial Cognition and Space Syntax. Bremen: SFB/TR 8,2007: 1-10.
[6] Shokouhi M. Legible cities: The role of visual clues and pathway configuration in legibility of cities//Proceedings of the4th International Symposium on Space Syntax, London, 2003.
[7] Dalton R C. Space syntax and spatial cognition. World Architecture, 2005, (11): 41-45. [茹斯·康罗伊·戴尔顿. 空间句法与空间认知. 世界建筑, 2005, (11): 41-45.]
[8] Kim Y O, Penn A. Linking the spatial syntax of cognitive map to the spatial syntax of the environment. Environmentand Behavior, 2004, 36: 483-504.
[9] Hölscher C, Brösamle M, Vrachliotis G. Challenges in multi-level wayfinding: A case-study with space syntaxtechnique. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 2009, 39(1): 63-82.
[10] Zhang Yu, Wang Jianguo. Restudy on space syntax. The Architect, 2004, (3): 33-43. [张愚, 王建国. 再论“空间句法”. 建筑师, 2004, (3): 33-43.]
[11] Hillier B. Studying cities to learn about minds: Some possible implications of space syntax for spatial cognition.Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 2009, 39(1): 12-23.
[12] Meilinger T, Franz G, Bülthoff H. From isovists via mental representations to behaviour: First steps toward closing thecausal chain//Hölscher C. Space Syntax and Spatial Cognition. Bremen: SFB/TR 8, 2007: 65-92.
[13] Kim A, Kim Y O. Influences of spatial configuration learning on spatial behavior focused on the shortest distance andvisibility//Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Space Syntax. Stockholm, 2009.
[14] Turner A. The Ingredients of an exosomatic cognitive map: Isovists, agents and axial lines?//Hölscher C. Space Syntaxand Spatial Cognition, Bremen: SFB/TR 8, 2007:163-180.
[15] Rafailaki E. Informative monads shaping cognitive knowledge: The 'urban palimpsest' of Piraeus, Greece//Proceedingsof 6th International Symposium on Space Syntax. Istanbul, 2007.
[16] Wang Haofeng. The spatial-functional dynamism and settlement morphology of Huizhou's traditional villages. TheArchitect, 2008, (4): 23-30. [王浩锋. 社会功能和空间的动态关系与徽州传统村落的形态演变. 建筑师, 2008, (4):23-30.]
[17] Wang Jingwen. Humanism dialysis of traditional settlement's circumstance from a syntactical perspective. ArchitecturalJournal, 2010(suppl.1): 58-61. [王静文. 传统聚落环境句法视域的人文透析. 建筑学报,2010, (增刊1): 58-61.]
[18] Wang Haofeng. Village layout structure and pedestrian movement: A case study of Wangkou Village, Wuyuan county.Huazhong Architecture, 2009, 27(12): 138-142. [王浩锋. 空间形态与步行运动: 以婺源汪口村为例. 华中建筑, 2009,27(12): 138-142.]
[19] Wang Haofeng, Ye Min. Analysis on the spatial structure of Xidi Village form. Huazhong Architecture, 2008, 26(4):65-69. [王浩锋, 叶珉. 西递村落空间形态结构解析. 华中建筑, 2008, 26(4): 65-69.]
[20] Wang Jingwen, Mao Qizhi, Yang Dongfeng. Spatial form of traditional settlement in syntactical view. HuazhongArchitecture, 2008, 26(6): 141-174. [王静文, 毛其智, 杨东风. 句法视域的传统聚落空间形态研究. 华中建筑, 2008,26(6): 141-174.]
[21] Zhu Qing, Wang Jingwen, Li Yuan. Discussion about syntactical representation approach for the image of city.Huazhong Architecture, 2005, 23(4): 77-81. [朱庆, 王静文, 李渊. 城市空间意象的句法表达方法探讨. 华中建筑,2005, 23(4): 77-81.]
[22] Tan Gangyi, Que Jin. A case study on the spatial configuration of country settlement: Shi-tou-ban Village. TheArchitect, 2010, (2): 46-56. [谭刚毅, 阙瑾. 乡村聚落的空间形态研究案例:石头板湾. 建筑师, 2010, (2): 46-56.]
[23] Tong De, Feng Changchun, Deng Jinjie. Spatial evolution and cause analysis of urban villages: A case study ofShenzhen Special Economic Zone. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(3): 437-446. [仝德, 冯长春, 邓金杰. 城中村空间形态的演化特征及原因: 以深圳特区为例. 地理研究, 2011, 30(3): 437-446.]
[24] Lnych K. The Image of the City. Xiang Bingren trans. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 1990. [凯文·林奇. 项秉仁译. 城市的印象. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 1990.]
[25] Dai Fei, Zhang Junhua. The survey methods in planning and design 5: Cognitive map. Chinese LandscapeArchitecture, 2009, (3): 98-102. [戴菲, 章俊华. 规划设计学中的调研方法: 认知地图法5. 中国园林, 2009, (3):98-102.]
[26] Duan Jin et al. Space Research 1: World Heritage Xidi Ancient Village Spatial Resolution. Nanjing: SoutheastUniversity Press, 2006: 27-39. [段进等. 空间研究1: 世界文化遗产西递古村落空间解析. 南京: 东南大学出版社,2006: 27-39.]
[27] Azimzadeh M, Bjur H. The Urban Palimpsest: the interplay between the historically generated layers in urban spatialsystem and urban life//Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Space Syntax. Istanbul, 2007.
