The Groundwater Quality and Land Use Change in a Typical Karst Agricultural Region: A Case Study of Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan
Received date: 2005-11-28
Revised date: 2006-02-18
Online published: 2006-05-25
Supported by
Doctorate Foundation of Southwest University, No.SWNUB2005035; Open Foundation of Physical Geography of Southwest University, No.250-411109; Foundation of Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing, No.20027534; No.20048258; The project of Ministry of Land and Resources, No.200310400024
The present study analyzed the temporal and spatial changes of groundwater quality from 1982 to 2004 in Xiaojiang watershed, Yunnan, Southwest China. The results indicate: (1) There were obvious temporal and spatial changes of groundwater quality in Xiaojing watershed from 1982 to 2004. The total hardness, total alkalinity, pH, Mg2+, NH4+, SO42-, Cl-, NO3- and NO2- of the groundwater increased significantly, but the Ca2+ and HCO3- showed an obvious declining trend during the past 20 years in Xiaojiang watershed. Furthermore, the concentrations of NH4+, NO3- and NO2- of groundwater exceeded the drinking water standards in 2004. (2) The total land transformed covers 610.12 km2, of which 134.29 km2 of forestland were transformed into cultivated land, and 210 km2/sup> of unused land was transformed into cultivated land, and the construction land increased by 71.8% during the past 20 years in Xiaojiang watershed. (3) The groundwater quality change is related to the non-point pollution of massive use of fertilizers and pesticides due to the expansion of cultivated land and the deterioration of eco-environment bought by the worsening of forestland quality. As forestland and unused land transformed into cultivated land, the total hardness, total alkalinity, pH, and the concentrations of NH4+, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, and Cl- in the groundwater increased significantly, but the concentrations of Ca2+ and HCO3- in the groundwater declined obviously.
Key words： groundwater; land use; GIS; karst agricultural region; Xiaojiang watershed
JIANG Yongjun, YUAN Daoxian, XIE Shiyou, LI Linli, ZHANG Gui, HE Raosheng . The Groundwater Quality and Land Use Change in a Typical Karst Agricultural Region: A Case Study of Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006 , 61(5) : 471 -481 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200605003
[1] Williams P W. Karst terrains: environmental changes and human impact. Catena, 1993, 25(suppl.): 268.
[2] Yuan Daoxian. Environmental change and human impact on karst in southern China. Catena, 1993, 25(suppl.): 99-107.
[3] Yuan Daoxian. The geology environment and hydro-ecological problem of karst region. Land Resources in South of China, 2003, (1): 21-25.
[袁道先. 岩溶地区的地质环境和水文生态问题. 南方国土资源, 2003, (1): 21-25.]
[4] Jiang Yongjun, Yuan Daoxian, Zhang Cheng et al. Impact of land use change on soil properties in a typical karst agricultural region. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(5): 751-760.
[蒋勇军, 袁道先, 章程 等. 典型岩溶农业区土地利用变化对土壤性质的影响. 地理学报, 2005, 60(5): 751-760.]
[5] Jia Yanan, Yuan Daoxian. The impact of land use change on karst water in Shuicheng basin of Guizhou province. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(6): 831-838.
[贾亚男, 袁道先. 土地利用变化对水城盆地岩溶水质的影响. 地理学报, 2003, 58(6): 831-838.]
[6] Zhang Cheng, Yuan Daoxian. Hydrochemical variation of typical karst subterraneam basin and its relationship with landuse change. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004, 18(5): 134-137.
[章程, 袁道先. 典型岩溶地下河流域水质变化与土地利用的关系. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(5): 134-137.]
[7] Turner II B L, Skole D, Sanderson S et al. Land Use and Land Cover Change Science/Research Plan. IGBP Report No.35 and HDP Report No.7. Stockholm and Geneva, IGBP, 1995: 12-20.
[8] Prohic E. Pollution assessment in carbonate terranes. In: Hydrology of Limestone Terranes. Hanover, 1989, 10: 61-82.
[9] Kastrinos J R, White W B. Seasonal, hydrogeologic and land-use controls on nitrate contamination of carbonate groundwater. Proc. Environmental Problems in Karst Terranes and Their Solutions Conference. Bowling Green, KY, 1986. 88-114.
[10] Mark Ellaway, Brian Finlayson, John Webb. The impact of land clearance on karst groundwater. Karst Hydrogeology and Human Activities. Australia, 1998, 1(20): 51-52.
[11] Lichon M. Human impacts on processes in karst terranes, with special reference to Tasmania. Cave Science, 1993, 20(2): 55-60.
[12] Anthony T Laws. Using hydrogeological maps and data sets to combat salinization in western Australia. Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 73-78.
[13] Lushichik A. Formation of hydrochemical groundwater regime of karstifying carbonaceous deposits within the limits of irrigated landmasses of the Flat Crimea. In: Impact of Agricultural Activities on Groundwater. Novinar Publishing House, Prague, 1982, 16(3): 307-315.
[14] António Chambel, Jorge Duque. Hard rock aquifers of Alentejo region (South Portugal): contribution to the water and land use management. In: Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999: 171-176.
[15] Libra R D, Hallberg G R, Hoyer B E. Impacts of agricultural chemicals on groundwater quality in Iowa. In: Fairchild D M (ed.), Ground Water Quality and Agricultural Practices. Chelsea: Lewis Publishers, 1987. 185-217.
[16] Libra R D, Hallberg G R, Hoyer. Agricultural impacts on groundwater quality: the Big Spring Basin study, Iowa. In: Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater, National Water Well Association. Worthington OH, 1986. 253-273.
[17] Robert D Libra, George R Hallberg. Impacts of agriculture on water quality in the Big Spring Basin, NE Iowa, U.S.A. Karst Hydrogeology and Human Activities. Australia, 1998, 1(20): 57-58.
[18] Molerio León L F, Gutiérrez Díaz J. Agricultural impacts on Cuban karstic aquifers. Karst Hydrogeology and Human Activities. Australia, 1998, 1(20): 58-60.
[19] Ramón Aravena, Miguel A, Norberto B. Evaluation of the origin of groundwater nitrate in the city La Plata-agentina, using isotope techniques. Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 323-327.
[20] Pertti Lahermo, Birgitta Backman. Nitrates in groundwater in Finland: the most endangering quality problem. Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 329-333.
[21] Alice F, Antó C, Jorge D. Relation between geomorphology, land use and water management in the gneissic and migmatitic aquifer system of Evora. Hydrogeology & Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 159-163.
[22] Andrzej J Witkowski. Change of sulphates concentrations in groundwater of Katowice regional water management council. Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 575-580.
[23] Milde K, Milde G, Ahlsdorf B. Protection of highly permeable aquifers against contamination by xenobiotics. In: Karst Hydrogeology and Karst Environment Protection, Part 1. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1988. 194-201.
[24] Fetter C W. Contaminant Hydrogeology. New York: Macmillan, 1993. 458.
[25] Barker J F, Cherry J A, Reindard M. Final report: The occurrence and mobility of hazardous organic chemicals in groundwater at several Ontario landfills: Research Advisory Committee Project, No.118, 1996. 148.
[26] Howard K W F, Eyles N, Livingstone S. Municipal landfilling practice and its impact on groundwater resources in and around urban Toronto, Canada. Hydrogeology Journal, 1989, 4(1): 64-79.
[27] André L B S, Raphael H, Márcio H. Environmental diagnosis, monitoring and research of heavy metals behavior methodology in soil-water-contaminant system in a contaminated area in Santa Gertrudes, Brazil. Hydrogeology and Land Use Management. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999. 519-521.
[28] Stephenson J B, Beck B F. Management of the discharge quality of highway runoff in karst areas to control impacts to ground-water. In: Proceedings of the 5th Multidisciplinary Conference on sinkholes and the environmental impacts of karsts, Galtinburg, Tennessee. Balkema, Rotterdam, 1995. 297-321.
[29] Yuan Daoxian. World correlation of karst ecosystem objectives and implementation plan. Advance in Earth Sciences, 2001, 16(4): 461-466.
[袁道先. 全球岩溶生态对比: 科学目标和执行计划. 地球科学进展, 2001, 16(4): 461-466.]
[30] Tim U S, Jolly R. Evaluation agricultural nonpoint-source pollution using integrated geographic information systems and hydrologic/water quality model. Environ. Qual., 1994, 23(1): 25-35.
[31] Boers P C M. Nutrient emission from agriculture in the Netherlands causes and remedies. Water Sci. Technol., 1996, 33: 183-190.
[32] Jiang Yongjun, Yuan Daoxian, Kuang Mingsheng et al. Dynamic change analysis of landscape pattern in a typical karst watershed. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(12): 2927-2931.
[蒋勇军, 袁道先, 况明生 等. 典型岩溶流域景观格局动态变化. 生态学报, 2004, 24(12): 2927-2931.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |