On Genesis of the Granite Pits on Top of the Dayangshan Mountain of Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province
Received date: 2008-02-23
Revised date: 2008-04-15
Online published: 2008-07-25
Supported by
Supported by Regional Landform and Landscape Landform Survey Programme of the Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey
On top of the Shigujian Peak (1477 m asl) of the Dayangshan Mountain in Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province, large amounts of granite pits with diameters ranging from several dozens of centimeters to one meter, and depth from 10 cm to 45 cm are found on the rock surface. These pits mainly appear on the NE and SE sides, and their discharge outlets are in the same direction. The identification results through micropolariscope and X-ray fluroscence spectrometer reveals that the bedrock of pits is from middle to fine-grained moyite being apt to be weathered and mudified. In Dayangshan region the annual mean temperature is 9.2 oC and the annual precipitation at over 1700 mm. On the one hand, there always experiences a period of periglaciation with temperature oscilating near 0 oC for 4 months from December to next March as a consequence, the freezing-thawing cycles may be remarkable to disintegrate the bedrock. On the other hand, the windward slope of Shigujian Peak meets typhoon of over force 10 on the Beaufort Scale in summer, therefore, the blowing makes suspending sands or pebbles grind in swirling form. Based on field investigation and periglaciological geomorphogy, the pits on top of the Shigujian Peak is attributed to frost weathering of periglaciation. Meanwhile, storm and strong wind accelerate the process. Observation shows that both the actions are still undergoing and variant directions of wind aree the main cause for making different shapes of the pits. Because the top of the Shigujian is 1500 m lower than the present snow line, some scholars consider that "glacial pothole" formed in the Quaternary is untenable, even though in the Quaternary Glacial Maximum.
ZHU Cheng, CUI Zhijiu, LI Zhongxuan, GAO Jie, WANG Lixin, WU Xianglin,ZHENG Chaogui, SHEN Qingfan, ZHENG Xianzhang . On Genesis of the Granite Pits on Top of the Dayangshan Mountain of Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008 , 63(7) : 735 -743 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200807007
[1] Fleeger G M, Braun D D, Inners J D. Plunge into the past or go with the flow: Multiple hypotheses for the origin of the Archbald Pothole, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 2002, 34 (1): 27.
[2] Han Tonglin. Finding the Glacial Potholes. Beijing: Huaxia Press, 2004. 3-80.
[韩同林. 发现冰臼. 北京: 华夏出版社, 2004. 3-80.]
[3] Han Tonglin, Guo Keyi. The discovery of rare glacier pots in mid-low land hills of Hebei and Inner Mogolia. Chinese Geology, 1998, (6): 42-45.
[韩同林, 郭克毅. 河北及内蒙古中低山区罕见的冰臼群. 中国地质, 1998, (6): 42-45.]
[4] Han Tonglin, Lao Xiong, Guo Keyi. A discussion on the origin of moulins in south China. Tropical Geography, 2000, 20(1): 72-80.
[韩同林, 劳雄, 郭克毅. 关于南国冰臼群成因的商榷.. 热带地理, 2000, 20(1): 72-80.]
[5] Han Tonglin, Lao Xiong, Guo Keyi. Another discussion on the origin of glacier pots in south China. Tropical Geography, 2001, 21(2): 189-194.
[韩同林, 劳雄, 郭克毅. 关于南国冰臼群成因的商榷之二. 热带地理, 2001, 21(2): 189-194.]
[6] Han Tonglin. Finding paleoglacial relics in Raoping, Guangdong. Geological Review, 2001, 47(4): 382.
[韩同林. 广东饶 平首次发现大量古冰川遗迹. 地质论评, 2001, 47(4): 382.]
[7] Cui Zhijiu, Li Hongjiang, Nan Ling et al. Discovery and environmental significance of huge pots of Hebei and Inner Mongolia and Chifeng Wind Route. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1999, 44(13): 1429-1434.
[崔之久, 李洪江, 南凌等. 内 蒙、河北巨型坑穴与赤峰风道的发现. 科学通报, 1999, 44(13): 1429-1434.]
[8] Li Hongjiang, Cui Zhijiu, Zhao Liang. Origin of potholes in Inner Mongolia and northern Hebei. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2001, 56(2): 223-231.
[李洪江, 崔之久, 赵亮. 内蒙、河北山区坑穴的成因探讨: 兼论坑穴的成因分类. 地理 学报, 2001, 56(2): 223-231.]
[9] Liu Shangren. Some mistaken views in cognition of the mechanism of the formation and conservation of moulin. Tropical Geography, 2000, 20(2): 156-161.
[刘尚仁. 关于冰臼形成与保存机理认识上的几个误区. 热带地理, 2000, 20(2): 156-161.]
[10] Liu Shangren, Qin Chaofeng, Peng Hua. The discussion on the condition for glacier whether developed in Guangdong. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2000, 20(4): 375-380.
[刘尚仁, 覃朝峰, 彭华. 关于广东有无冰川发育条件的讨论. 地 理科学, 2000, 20(4): 375-380.]
[11] Chen Huatang, Qiu Shijun, Huang Shan et al. A discussion on origin of moulins in Jiexi and Fengshun, Guangdong. Tropical Geography, 1999, 19(4): 376-380.
[陈华堂, 丘世钧, 黄山等. 揭西、丰顺“冰臼群”成因商榷. 热带地理, 1999, 19(4): 376-380.]
[12] Zhu Zhaoyu. A preliminary investigation into dale landform and weathering stratum. Tropical Geography, 2000, 20(4): 331-336.
[朱照宇. 广东揭西河谷地貌与风化层特征初步观察. 热带地理, 2000, 20(4): 331-336.]
[13] Qiu Shijun, Chen Huatang, Huang Shan et al. A discussion on theory of moulins. Tropical Geography, 2000, 20(3): 243-246.
[丘世钧, 陈华堂, 黄山等. 与“冰臼论”再商榷. 热带地理, 2000, 20(3): 243-246.]
[14] Yang Chaoqun. A review of the controversy over the moulin and potholes. Tropical Geography, 2001, 21(1): 86-93.
[杨超群. 冰臼与坑穴之争述评. 热带地理, 2001, 21(1): 86-93.]
[15] Wang Wei, Huangshan, Liang Mingzhu. Formation and development of the potholes formed in a gorge river in Guangdong. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(7): 691-697.
[王为, 黄山, 梁明珠. 广东大峡谷河床坑穴形态的形成 与发育. 地理学报, 2007, 62(7): 691-697.]
[16] Li Dewen, Cui Zhijiu, Li Hongjiang et al. The formation mechanism and environmental significance of the granite weathering holes in northern part, north China. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Science Edition), 2003, 39(1): 120-128.
[ 李德文, 崔之久, 李洪江等.华北北部花岗岩风化穴形成机制与环境意义. 南京大学学报(自然科学), 2003, 39(1): 120-128.]
[17] Zhang Yuxu. A contend over origin of glacier. Geological Review, 2005, 51(6): 680, 712.
[章雨旭. “冰臼” 成因争 鸣. 地质论评, 2005, 51(6): 680, 712.]
[18] Zhou Shangzhe. Are potholes the marks of Quaternary glaciers? Journal of Quaternary Sciences, 2006, 26(1): 117-125.
[周尚哲. 锅穴一定是第四纪冰川的标志吗? 第四纪研究, 2006, 26(1): 117-125.]
[19] Morgan A V. Late Weichselian potholes near Wolverhampton, England. Journal of Glaciology, 1970, 55(9): 125-133.
[20] Alexander H S. Pothole erosion. Journal of Geology, 1932, 40(4): 305-337.
[21] Faegri K. On the origin of potholes. Journal of Glaciology, 1952, 11(2): 24-25.
[22] Higgins C G. Origin of potholes in glaciated regions. Journal of Glaciology, 1957, 21(3): 11-12.
[23] Cox D E. On the interpretation of potholes. Creation Research Society Quarterly, 1975, 12(1): 25-31.
[24] Gilbert R. The Devil Lake pothole (Ontario): Evidence of subglacial fluvial processes. Geographie Physique et Quaternaire, 2000, 5(2): 245-250.
[25] Lautridou J P: Recent advances in cryogenic weathering. In: Clark M J (eds.). Advances in Periglacial Geomorphology John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1988. 33-47.
[26] Zhu Cheng. The Modern Periglacial Lanform Research. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science Press, 1993. 2-30.
[朱诚. 现代冰缘地 貌研究. 南京: 江苏科学技术出版社, 1993. 2-30.]
[27] Zhu Cheng, Cui Zhijiu. Rates of periglacial processes in the Central Tianshan, China. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 1996, 7(1): 79-94.
[28] Cui Zhijiu, Xiong Heigang, Liu Gengnian et al. The permafrost cycle landform process and sedimentary characteristics in Tianshan Mountains. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Sci-Tech Press, 1998. 1-29.
[崔之久, 熊黑钢, 刘耕年等. 中天山冰冻圈地貌过程与沉积特征. 石家庄: 河北科学技术出版社, 1998. 1-29.]
[29] Ji Zixiu. The modern periglacial activity of the middle Tianshan Mountains. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1980, 2(3): 1-11.
[季子修. 天山中部现代冰缘作用. 冰川冻土, 1980, 2(3): 1-11.]
[30] Shi Yafeng, Cui Zhijiu, Li Jijun et al. The Quaternary glaciers in eastern China and environmental questions. Beijing: Science Press, 1989. 1-197.
[施雅风, 崔之久, 李吉均等. 中国东部第四纪冰川与环境问题. 北京: 科学出版社, 1989. 1-197.]
[31] Cui Zhijiu. On the relationship between periglacial symbols of permafrost and periglaciation. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1980, 2(2): 1-6.
[崔之久. 试论多年冻土的冰缘标志及冰川与冰缘作用的关系问题. 冰川冻土, 1980, 2 (2): 1-6.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |