Policy Instrument of Urban Growth Management and Its Effectiveness in Nanjing
Received date: 2008-09-05
Revised date: 2009-01-08
Online published: 2009-04-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40571055
Nanjing is a major city in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Since the 1990s the city space has been expanding rapidly in relation with the fast economic development and urbanization. The policies of land saving and intensive land use has been emphasized by the government to protect the arable land from converting into urban land. After analyzing composition of present policy instrument in Chinese cities, this paper noted that urban planning and land use regulation were the regular basis. The effectiveness of urban planning control and administrative efficiency of growth management efforts were discussed. Firstly, the paper substantively studied the process of urban expansion along two transportation lines based on the remote sensing data of Nanjing obtained in 1986, 1996, 2002 and 2005, and assessed the effectiveness of urban growth management with the efficient index on newly converted urban land (Eg), the cumulatively efficient index (E) and the ratio of idle land area. The E of Nanjing master urban plans was about 70% in the first five years. The Eg was relatively low, being 0.29-0.7. Secondly, the logistic regression analysis with the data of 478 land parcels from the sampling sites revealed that the urban plan significantly decreased occurrence frequency of the idle land parcel (p < 0.001), and the administrative factors were significantly related with the frequency of idle land parcel. Concentration and reserve of rights in land use administration and urban plan management have negative effect on idle land frequency. Finally, some urban planning and land use policies such as enlargement of the urban planning area, rights reserve in urban plan administration and land use transformation approval have been suggested to improve the land use efficiency. The results and suggestions should benefit urban land management in land saving and intensive use of urban land, and the methodology of quantitative assessment on effectiveness of urban growth management should give examples for the similar studies in China.
Key words： urban land use; growth management; effectiveness; remote sensing; Logit; Nanjin
CHEN Shuang, YAO Shimou, WU Jianping . Policy Instrument of Urban Growth Management and Its Effectiveness in Nanjing[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009 , 64(4) : 487 -497 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200904011
[1] Zhou Yixing. On the suburbanization of Beijing. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1996, 16(3): 199-206.
[周一星. 北京的郊 区化及引发的思考. 地理科学, 1996, 16(3): 199-206.]
[2] Feng Jian, Zhou Yixing, Wang Xiaoguang et al. The development of suburbanization of Beijing and its countermeasures in the 1990s. City Planning Review, 2004, 28(3): 13-29.
[冯健, 周一星, 王晓光等. 1990 年代北京郊区化的最新趋势 及其对策. 城市规划, 2004, 28(3): 13-29.]
[3] Porter D R. Managing Growth in America's Communities. Washington, DC: Island Press, 1997.
[4] Hall P. Cities of Tomorrow. 3rd edn. New York: Blackwell, 2002.
[5] Bontje M. From suburbia to post-suburbia in the Netherlands: Potentials and threats for sustainable regional development. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2004, 19: 25-47.
[6] Catalan B, Sauri D, Serra P. Urban sprawl in the Mediterranean: Patterns of growth and change in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region 1993-2000. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2008, 85: 174-184.
[7] Brodsky H. Land development and the expanding city. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1973, 63(2): 159-166.
[8] Cutsinger J, Galster G, Harold W et al. Verifying the multi-dimensional nature of metropolitan land use: Advancing the understanding and measurement of sprawl. Journal of Urban Affairs, 2005, 27(3): 235-259.
[9] Jiang Fang, Liu Shenghe, Yuan Hong. Measuring urban sprawl in Beijing with geo-spatial indices. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007, 62(6): 649-658.
[蒋芳, 刘盛和, 袁弘. 北京城市蔓延的测度与分析. 地理学报, 2007, 62(6): 649-658.]
[10] Chen Shuang, Liu Yunxia, Peng Lihua. Dynamics of urban ecological space evolution and policy responses: A case study of Nanjing City. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008, 28(5): 2270-2278.
[陈爽, 刘云霞, 彭立华. 城市生态空间演变规 律及调控机制: 以南京市为例. 生态学报, 2008, 28(5): 2270-2278.]
[11] Bengston D N, Fletcher J O, Nelson K C. Public policies for managing urban growth and protecting open space: Policy instruments and lessons learned in the United States. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2004, 69: 271-286.
[12] Toft D. Green belt and the urban fringe. Built Environment, 1995, 21(1): 54-59.
[13] Irwin E G, Bockstael N E. Land use externalities, open space preservation, and urban sprawl. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2004, 34(6): 705-725.
[14] Compas E. Measuring exurban change in the American West: A case study in Gallatin County, Montana, 1973-2004. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2007, 82(1/2): 56-65.
[15] He Chunyang, Shi Peijun, Chen Jin et al. Process and mechanism of urbanization in Beijing area. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2002, 57(3): 363-371.
[何春阳, 史培军, 陈晋等. 北京地区城市化过程与机制研究. 地理学报, 2002, 57(3): 363-371.]
[16] Li Feixue, Li Manchun, Liu Yongxue et al. Urban growth in Nanjing since 1949. Journal of Natural Sources, 2007,22 (4): 524-535.
[李飞雪, 李满春, 刘永学等. 建国以来南京城市扩展研究.自然资源学报, 2007, 22(4): 524-535.]
[17] Chen Benqing, Xu Hanqiu. Urban expansion and its driving force analysis using remote sensed data: A case of Xiamen city. Economic Geography, 2005, 25(1): 79-83.
[陈本清, 徐涵秋. 城市扩展及其驱动力遥感分析: 以厦门市为例. 经 济地理, 2005, 25(1): 79-83.]
[18] Mao Jiangxing, Yan Xiaopei, Li Zhigang et al. The effect of urban planning control upon land use in Shenzhen. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008, 63(3): 311-320.
[毛蒋兴, 闫小培, 李志刚等. 深圳城市规划对土地利用的调控效能. 地理 学报, 2008, 63(3): 311-320.]
[19] Gu Chaolin, Zhenfeng, Zhang Jingxiang. Centralization and Decentralization: A New Discussion on the Urban Spatial Structure. Nanjing: Southeast University Press, 2000.
[顾朝林, 甄峰, 张京祥. 集聚与扩散- 城市空间结构新论. 南京: 东南大学出版社. 2000.]
[20] Jiang Fang, Liu Shenghe, Yuan Hong. Searching for a solution to urban sprawl: Policy instruments and evaluation of growth management. Urban Planning Forum, 2007, (1): 33-38.
[蒋芳, 刘盛和, 袁弘. 城市增长管理的政策工具及其 效果评价. 城市规划学刊, 2007, (1): 33-38.]
[21] Liu Weidong. Study on land supply and development in urban China. Urban Planning Review, 2002, 26(11): 37-40.
[刘卫东. 中国城市土地开发及其供给问题研究. 城市规划, 2002, 26(11): 37-40.]
[22] Ding, C. Urban Spatial development in the land policy reform era: Evidence from Beijing. Urban Studies, 2004, 41 (10): 1889-1907.
[23] Zhu J. A transitional institution for the emerging land market in urban China. Urban Studies, 2005, 42(8): 1369-1390.
[24] http://www.mlr.gov.cn/bsfw/cjwtjd/bs/200710/t20071024_89641.htm (国土资源部办事服务)
[25] http://www.njgt.gov.cn/ygtwg-wsbs/ygtwsbsbszn/7474705.htm (南京市国土局办事指南)
[26] Ding Chengri. Urban smart growth and land policy: Spatial structure. In: Wu Cifang, Ding Chengri, Zhang Weiwen (eds.). The International Symposium on Urban Smart Growth and land Policy in China. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 2006. 8-12.
[丁成日. 城市理性增长与土地政策: 空间结构. 见: 吴次芳, 丁成日, 张蔚文主编. 中 国城市理性增长与土地政策. 北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2006. 8-12.]
[27] Yu Li. The uncertainty analysis on urban planning and the planning performance theory. Urban Planning Forum, 2004, 150(2): 37-42.
[于立. 城市规划的不确定性分析与规划效能理论. 城市规划汇刊, 2004, 150(2): 37-42.]
[28] Fellmann J D. Pre-building growth patterns of Chicago. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1957, 47 (1): 59-82.
[29] Chen Yanguang, Liu Jisheng, Fang Yangang. Utility-maximization, Logit transformation and the basic mathematical models for analytical urban geography. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2002, 22(5): 581-586.
[陈彦光, 刘继生, 房艳刚. 效用最大化、logit 变换和城市地理学的数量分析模型. 地理科学, 2002, 22(5): 581-586.]
[30] Cheng Jianquan, Masser I. Urban growth pattern modeling: A case study of Wuhan city, PR China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2003, 62: 199-217.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |