亚洲中部干旱区丝绸之路沿线环境演化与东西方文化交流

doi:10.11821/dlxb201705009

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on environmental records, archaeological findings, and isotopic data, the environmental changes and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road in arid Central Asia during the Holocene have been studied. The results show that the cultural exchange is definitely influenced by geographic setting and environmental changes. Hexi Corridor is located at the marginal area of monsoonal Asia, characterized by monsoon-westerly transitional model. From Xinjiang to Central Asia, the environmental change demonstrated uniform trends during the Holocene: the early Holocene witnessed dry environment conditions and desert vegetation, while during the mid and late Holocene, steppe vegetation expanded when moisture increased. The cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road took advantage of moisture conditions during the mid to late Holocene. Benefited from the improvement of environmental conditions, the cultural exchange between East and West accelerated after 2000 BC. During 2500-2000 BC, Eastern and Western agriculture met and integrated along the Silk Road, representing the beginning of prehistoric "Silk Road" along the Tianshan Mountains. Furthermore, during 2000-1000 BC, a mixed economy characterized by wheat/barley-millet-husbandry appeared in the oases along the Silk Road, and expanded to the Eurasia steppe after 1500BC, being a sharp contrast to the surrounding animal husbandry and continuing to the historic periods. Such spatial differentiation is the result of integrated geographic setting and cultural exchange between East and West. During the prehistoric period, Eastern and Western agriculture oppositely spread along the oases in a leapfrogging forward way. While during the historic periods, political factors were the primary controlling upon the Silk Road, but environmental change was still a factor that cannot be ignored.

Key words: arid Central Asia, Silk Road, environmental change, wheat, millet, cultural exchange

Chengbang AN, Wei WANG, Futao DUAN, Wei HUANG, Fahu CHEN. Environmental changes and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road in arid Central Asia[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(5): 875-891.

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地点	农作物	果蔬	其他
阿耆尼国	土宜穈黍宿麦	香枣蒲萄梨柰	伽蓝十余所,僧徒二千余人
屈支国	宜穈麦有粳稻	蒲萄石榴,多梨柰桃杏	伽蓝百余所,僧徒五千余人
素叶水城	土宜糜麦	蒲萄
笯赤建国	地沃壤备稼穑
赭时国	土宜气序同笯赤建国		《隋书·西域传》称其“有粟麦”
怖捍国	土地膏腴稼穑滋盛	多花果
飒秣建国	土地沃壤稼穑备植	花果滋茂

Environmental changes and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road in arid Central Asia

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