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  • 1989 Volume 44 Issue 4
    Published: 15 October 1989
      

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  • Xu Xueqiang, Hu Huaying, Ye Jiaan
    1989, 44(4): 385-399. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904001
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    The approach to studying the social spatial structure of cities has become very popularin the western countries since the first study of social area analysis was undertaken by Shevkyet al. in 1950s. During 1960s, this approach area was developed by using the technique of fac-torial ecological study. This technique has two characteristics. First, a large number of va-riables are used in the factor analysis or the principal components analysis, in order to extractsome major factors of social and residential differentiation. Second, it places much greateremphasis on the spatial patterns associated with those factors.
  • Chen Hanxin
    1989, 44(4): 400-406. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904003
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    This thesis expounded the importance of high technology for developing the nationaleconomy, and the necessity, the possibility as well as the strategic thinking of building high-tech developing areas in China. In addition, it proposed a three-stages construction prog-ramme.
  • Zhou Zhaode, Zheng Jianfei
    1989, 44(4): 407-419. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904004
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    According to biological characters, realistic productive structure of tropical crops andclimatic condition of a district in Hainan Island, this paper carried on regional division oftropical crops in the fuzzy mathematics; based on calculation of basic parameters of formingproduction in regions. It established near-term models of structural optimum of tropical cropsof every region by using method of multi-objective program; and set up grey far-term programmodel through nearterm basic model and prediction of the future parameters. Results indi-cated that near-term program may raise profit of 5.1-55.7% and farterm program of 54-90%, far and near program scheme takes obvious economic effect.
  • Tang Youming
    1989, 44(4): 420-428. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904005
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    On the basis of literature the author studied, by using the physical meaning of coefficientsin W AL Function theory, the temporal and spatial variations of droughts and floods in the eas-tern part of our country (east of 100癊). Eight patterns of droughts and floods and the ca-lendar of the patterns for the pariod from 1470 to 1981 are concluded. Also, the spectrumanalyses of W AL Function and that of Fourier Function are compared.The results also indicate: W AL Function is more suitable and has more superiority thanFourier Function in analyzing ractanglar figure waves meteorological problems.
  • Zhu Zhaoyu
    1989, 44(4): 429-440. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904006
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    In the past many scientists had, from distinct data, estimated the birthday of the YellowRiver at the Pliocene, the Early Pleistocene, the Middle Pleistocene, or the Late Pleistocene.In this article the author is the first to propose a new position: the Yellow River and itsmain tributaries were formed in 1670-1450 ka B. P., i.e. early-middle Pleistocene, and afterthat 6 terraces and 2 valley flays have developed. The ages (ka B. P.) are as follows: TG,1670--850, T5, 850-470, T4, 470-100, T3,100-10, T2, 10-0.7, T1, 0.7-0.3, high valleyflay 0.3-0.15, lower valley flay 0.15-0. The periods of hydrographic evolution may be di-vided into 4 main stages and 9 substages since the Pliocene.These new conclusions are obtairied on the basis of a host of field investigations along theYellow River and its tributaries, and according to the principle of "paleosol-dating method"suggested by the author.
  • Sun Zhian, Shi Bing, Miao Qilong, Weng Duming
    1989, 44(4): 441-448. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904007
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    Each of the components of the radiation budget on sloping fields in the eastern subtropi-cal mountainous regions is calculated and analysed for the first time, dealing emphaticallywith the geographical distributions and variation rules of net radiation (NR). It is foundthat the value of annual average net radiation is greater in both south and north than in themiddle of the area, and the smallest value appears in the west of both Hunan and Hubei pro-vinces. The distribution of NR in summer is quite different from that mentioned above be-cause of the effect of the subtropical high. The variation of the NR with orientation is thegreatest in winter and smallest in summer. The variation pattern of NR with slope is appro-ximately the same on both north and south sides in summer, but it is extremely different inwinter. Annual range of NR is the greatest on north side and smallest on south side. Asfor cast and west sides, the annual range is between north and south. In addition, it is revea-led from the results of the calculation in this paper that the NR on north side may fall intominus value, and this is a new significant fact.
  • Xia Zenglu
    1989, 44(4): 449-458. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904008
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    This article deals with sources, distribution, transport and accumulation, ecological effectand environmental effect, cycle and balance, forecast and assessment of chromium in soil inBeijing on viewpoint of chemical geography.
  • Mao Zanyou
    1989, 44(4): 459-468. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904009
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    In our country, most of thermatic mapping using Landsat image were interpreted visually.The products of interpre tation need to be transmitted to type boundary. It suggests theproblem how by using bulk process image to do geornetric corrccting and transferring.Under the condition in shortage of CCT, the geometric correcting, the mixed process usingcomputer-optical equipment is an available method. The present paper analyzed the re-sults of geometric correcting of positive or negative film on the OR-1 ortho-rectifier. Theconclusion shows that it can reach such precision that the error is just 1-2 pixel. But thedensity of horizontal section and the density of vertical section in measured area have a greatinference on precision. If the height varies greatly or the density of stream network is big,the error on corrected images is big either.The geometric correcting can also be done after interpretation-affine transform the uncor-rected type boundary. Many articles and the present paper show that, the lateral deformation is1.4-2.3 times more than vertical one. Thus, optical-mechanical affine transformation beco-mes the major method of geometric transformation which makes the precision a lower lower. Italso can be done by Zoom Transfer Scope or professional duplicator which has capability ofcompressing in X and Y direction. The location error of this method is about 0.4 mmFrom the view of mapping, the geographic precision on middle scale image is higher thanthat on geographical base map through many times of scale generalization. So, the type bound-ary interpreted from Landsat image, when thansferred to the base map, cannot coincide properlywith geographic elements. The roots of error lie in the errors of base map. So, when transferr-ing the thematic type boundary to the base map, it is necessary to transfer, the geographic corre-lation according to the stream network on map.
  • Yao Zhuju
    1989, 44(4): 469-477. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904010
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    In this paper, the author deals with the relationship between tree and pollen in Zhongtiao Mountain by surface pollen analysis.The author, applying the methods of the analysis of surface pollen diagram and the regres-sion analysis by using the geometric-mean, makes out that sufface diagram in Zhongtiao Moun-tain can reflect the feature of vegetation. The author also comments that it is feasible to studythe relationship between tree and pollen by the regression of the geometric-mean, and discussthe main factors affecting the results of regression analysis.
  • Zhou Shouming, Liu Baosui
    1989, 44(4): 478-486. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904011
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    About 913 soil samples including main great and subgroups have been collected from 117counties and cities of Henan province. For each sample, the total amount of dissolved rareearth element is determined, and the total amount of oxidized rare earth element is given for300 samples, and the analysis of singlet rare earth element is made on some typical sections.The background content, the relation between distribution rule and enpironment of rare earthelements ard revealed, and their movement, accumulation and change trend in the geochemicalprocess in Henan soils are outlined as well.
  • Ding Yongjian
    1989, 44(4): 487-495. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904012
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    The transport of sediment is complicated in small catcbment of mountainous regions. It is controled by various factors. The paper analysed and discussed the transport patterns (if sediment in a channel and their characteristics. Main results are as follows:1)The transport of sediment occurs usually (luring the period of flood, when a largequantity of sediments is transported by various transport patterns in a short time.
  • Zhan Xiaolong, Liaoke
    1989, 44(4): 496-503. https://doi.org/10.11821/xb198904013
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    The purpose of this paper is to study the unified harmony of natural boundaries. First, it describes the main characters of the natural houndaries and what the unified harmony of the natural boundariesis. Second, it gives qualitative and quantitative analyses to the relations among the natural boundaries. On the basis of analysing, the coincilent degerees of Lijiang series maps (geomorphology map, soil map, vegetation map, land resource map) have been calculated with the method of measuring information by using Entropy function. The result of calculation shows that there are close relations among the natural boundaries, and how to represent the rdat ions is the key problem of the unified harmony. Last, it discusses main measures of ensuring the unified harmony of natural boundaries. The author goes into more details with the reference map of the unified harmony of natural boundaries, which is one of the most important measures. Its contents, compilation and application are described in detail.