调水调沙以来黄河尾闾河道冲淤演变及其影响因素

doi:10.11821/dlxb202101011

Abstract

Abstract:

The implementation of the Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme (WSRS) since 2002 has changed the water and sediment entering the Yellow River Estuary, which may lead to adjustment of the estuarine channel. Based on the elevation data of 41 transects from 2002 to 2017 in the estuarine channel downstream from Lijin, we established a digital elevation model (DEM) based on curved orthogonal grids to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of channel erosion and deposition, and further analyzed its controlling factors combining the morphological changes of river mouth and water-sediment data. The results show that the Yellow River estuarine channel has undergone significant erosion with a total sediment volume of 62.4×10 ⁶ m ³ since 2002. The channel evolution process can be divided into three stages according to the rates of erosion or deposition, namely: rapid erosion (2002-2005), slow erosion (2006-2014), and slow deposition (2015-2017). Approximately 80% of the total eroded sediment was depleted in the first stage. The erosion flux has shown a significant decreasing trend after 2006, and the overall characteristic of the channel transferred from erosion into deposition afterwards. On a seasonal scale, the estuarine channel was eroded in the flood seasons and deposited in the non-flood seasons; from the spatial perspective, the erosion intensity decreased in the downstream direction. The operation of the WSRS changed the distribution of water and sediment entering into the sea during a year, most of which was delivered in a short time (no more than 20 days), thus caused the continuous erosion of channel as well as the morphological adjustments of the estuarine channel. As a result of the intensive erosion in the first stage, the estuarine channel riverbed has lowered so much, and accompanied by the impact of the extension of river mouth, the erosion efficiency decreased continuously. Besides, the channel reach near the mouth has undergone significant siltation after the first stage causing the decline of riverbed longitudinal slope, which increased the instability of the estuarine channel.

Key words: water and sediment regulation scheme, estuarine channel, erosion and deposition, DEM

LIU Qinglan, CHEN Junqing, CHEN Shenliang. Spatiotemporal evolution of Yellow River estuarine channel and its influencing factors since the water-sediment regulation scheme[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(1): 139-152.

Figures/Tables 23

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References 28

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年份	利津—清4 (71.52 km)		清4—清7 (12.70 km)		清7—汊3 (11.85 km)
年份	冲淤体积 (10⁶m³)	冲淤强度 (m³/(m·a))	冲淤体积 (10⁶ m³)	冲淤强度 (m³/(m·a))	冲淤体积 (10⁶ m³)	冲淤强度 (m³/(m·a))
2002—2005	-45.16	-157.86	-5.68	-111.92	-4.40	-92.88
2006—1014	-6.93	-24.22	-3.22	-63.39	0.03	6.43
2015—2017	4.33	15.14	0.75	14.69	2.83	66.30
2002—2017	-47.75	-166.89	-8.16	-160.63	-1.27	-26.79

年份	年来水量(亿m3)	年来沙量(亿t)	年冲淤量(10⁶t)	冲淤占比(%)	汛期冲淤量(10⁶t)	汛期冲刷效率(kg/m³)
2002	41.9	0.54	-23.88	-43.98	-22.10	-6.67
2003	192.7	3.69	-31.51	-8.54	-33.45	-2.66
2004	198.8	2.58	2.85	1.11	-12.57	-0.82
2005	206.8	1.91	-22.59	-11.83	-28.23	-1.87
平均	160.1	2.18	14.46	-15.81	-24.089	-3.00
2006	191.7	1.49	9.65	6.48	-2.565	-0.17
2007	204.0	1.47	-3.51	-2.39	-12.335	-0.78
2008	145.6	0.77	-1.99	-2.59	-7.68	-0.75
2009	132.9	0.56	-8.21	-14.63	-13.86	-1.45
2010	193.0	1.67	2.97	1.78	-7.88	-0.49
2011	184.2	0.93	-10.86	-11.73	-15.75	-1.29
2012	282.5	1.83	1.36	0.74	1.28	0.06
2013	236.9	2.73	-1.43	-0.52	-9.67	-0.55
2014	114.3	0.30	-4.25	-14.12	-5.59	-0.82
平均	187.2	1.31	-1.39	-4.12	-8.23	-0.69
2015	133.6	0.31	7.58	24.14	7.44	0.88
2016	81.9	0.11	7.56	71.32	1.42	0.27
2017	89.6	0.08	-4.86	-63.14	1.59	0.33
平均	101.7	0.17	2.64	10.77	3.48	0.50

年份	年来水量(亿m3)	年来沙量(亿t)	年冲淤量(10⁶t)	冲淤占比(%)	汛期冲淤量(10⁶t)	汛期冲刷效率(kg/m³)
2002	41.9	0.54	-23.88	-43.98	-22.10	-6.67
2003	192.7	3.69	-31.51	-8.54	-33.45	-2.66
2004	198.8	2.58	2.85	1.11	-12.57	-0.82
2005	206.8	1.91	-22.59	-11.83	-28.23	-1.87
平均	160.1	2.18	14.46	-15.81	-24.089	-3.00
2006	191.7	1.49	9.65	6.48	-2.565	-0.17
2007	204.0	1.47	-3.51	-2.39	-12.335	-0.78
2008	145.6	0.77	-1.99	-2.59	-7.68	-0.75
2009	132.9	0.56	-8.21	-14.63	-13.86	-1.45
2010	193.0	1.67	2.97	1.78	-7.88	-0.49
2011	184.2	0.93	-10.86	-11.73	-15.75	-1.29
2012	282.5	1.83	1.36	0.74	1.28	0.06
2013	236.9	2.73	-1.43	-0.52	-9.67	-0.55
2014	114.3	0.30	-4.25	-14.12	-5.59	-0.82
平均	187.2	1.31	-1.39	-4.12	-8.23	-0.69
2015	133.6	0.31	7.58	24.14	7.44	0.88
2016	81.9	0.11	7.56	71.32	1.42	0.27
2017	89.6	0.08	-4.86	-63.14	1.59	0.33
平均	101.7	0.17	2.64	10.77	3.48	0.50

Spatiotemporal evolution of Yellow River estuarine channel and its influencing factors since the water-sediment regulation scheme

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